महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-273, verse-49

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
इयं वृत्रादनुप्राप्ता पुरुहूतं महाभया ।
ब्रह्महत्या चतुर्थांशमस्या यूयं प्रतीच्छत ॥४९॥

49. brahmovāca ,
iyaṁ vṛtrādanuprāptā puruhūtaṁ mahābhayā ,
brahmahatyā caturthāṁśamasyā yūyaṁ pratīcchata.

49. brahma uvāca | iyaṃ vṛtrāt anuprāptā puruhūtaṃ mahābhayā
| brahmahatyā caturthāṃśam asyāḥ yūyaṃ pratīcchata

49. brahma uvāca iyaṃ mahābhayā brahmahatyā vṛtrāt
puruhūtaṃ anuprāptā yūyaṃ asyāḥ caturthāṃśam pratīcchata

49. Brahmā said: "This sin of killing a brahmin (brahmahatyā), which has befallen Puruhūta (Indra) from Vṛtra and is a great terror, you all must accept a fourth part of it."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahmā, the creator god, speaking (Brahmā, the creator god)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (by Brahmā) (said, spoke)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (referring to the sin of killing a brahmin) (this, she, it)

• वृत्रात् (vṛtrāt) - from Vṛtra (whom Indra killed) (from Vṛtra)

• अनुप्राप्ता (anuprāptā) - fallen upon (Puruhūta/Indra) (accrued, reached, obtained, arrived, fallen upon)

• पुरुहूतं (puruhūtaṁ) - Puruhūta (Indra), to whom the sin has fallen (Puruhūta (a name for Indra))

• महाभया (mahābhayā) - (this sin is) a great terror (greatly fearful, very dreadful, a great danger)

• ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - the specific sin incurred by Indra for killing Vṛtra (the sin of killing a brahmin, brahmahatyā)

• चतुर्थांशम् (caturthāṁśam) - a fourth part (of the sin) (a fourth part)

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (brahmahatyā) (of this, of her)

• यूयं (yūyaṁ) - you (the waters, addressed by Brahmā) (you (plural))

• प्रतीच्छत (pratīcchata) - you all should accept (a fourth part of the sin) (accept, receive)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahmā, the creator god, speaking (Brahmā, the creator god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahma

brahma - Brahmā, the creator god

उवाच (uvāca) - said (by Brahmā) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

from root vac (class 2) with reduplication (uvāca)

Root: vac (class 2)

इयम् (iyam) - this (referring to the sin of killing a brahmin) (this, she, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Feminine form of idam.

वृत्रात् (vṛtrāt) - from Vṛtra (whom Indra killed) (from Vṛtra)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vṛtra (a demonic serpent or dragon)

Note: Ablative indicates source or cause.

अनुप्राप्ता (anuprāptā) - fallen upon (Puruhūta/Indra) (accrued, reached, obtained, arrived, fallen upon)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anuprāpta

anuprāpta - obtained, reached, attained, fallen upon

Past Passive Participle

from pra-āp + anu, feminine form

Prefixes: anu+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'iyaṃ brahmahatyā'.

पुरुहूतं (puruhūtaṁ) - Puruhūta (Indra), to whom the sin has fallen (Puruhūta (a name for Indra))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruhūta

puruhūta - often invoked, called by many; an epithet of Indra

Compound type : bahuvrihi (puru+hūta)

• puru – much, many
  adjective
• hūta – called, invoked
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root hve (class 1) 'to call'
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Accusative indicating the recipient of the action.

महाभया (mahābhayā) - (this sin is) a great terror (greatly fearful, very dreadful, a great danger)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahābhaya

mahābhaya - great fear, great danger, greatly dreadful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhaya)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bhaya – fear, dread, danger
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'iyaṃ brahmahatyā'.

ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - the specific sin incurred by Indra for killing Vṛtra (the sin of killing a brahmin, brahmahatyā)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of brahmahatyā

brahmahatyā - the killing of a brahmin, the sin incurred by killing a brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahma+hatyā)

• brahma – a brahmin, sacred knowledge
  noun (neuter)
• hatyā – killing, murder
  noun (feminine)

चतुर्थांशम् (caturthāṁśam) - a fourth part (of the sin) (a fourth part)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of caturthāṃśa

caturthāṁśa - a fourth part, one-fourth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (caturtha+aṃśa)

• caturtha – fourth
  adjective (masculine)
• aṃśa – part, portion
  noun (masculine)

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (brahmahatyā) (of this, of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Genitive form of idam, feminine.

यूयं (yūyaṁ) - you (the waters, addressed by Brahmā) (you (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

प्रतीच्छत (pratīcchata) - you all should accept (a fourth part of the sin) (accept, receive)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (lot) of pratīcch

Imperative, 2nd person plural, active voice

from root iṣ (class 6) with prefixes prati- and ā, with reduplication.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: iṣ (class 6)