महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-273, verse-31

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
यस्त्वां ज्वलन्तमासाद्य स्वयं वै मानवः क्वचित् ।
बीजौषधिरसैर्वह्ने न यक्ष्यति तमोवृतः ॥३१॥

31. brahmovāca ,
yastvāṁ jvalantamāsādya svayaṁ vai mānavaḥ kvacit ,
bījauṣadhirasairvahne na yakṣyati tamovṛtaḥ.

31. brahmā uvāca yaḥ tvām jvalantam āsādya svayam vai mānavaḥ
kvacit bījauṣadhirasaiḥ vahne na yakṣyati tamovṛtaḥ

31. brahmā uvāca he vahne yaḥ mānavaḥ kvacit tamovṛtaḥ svayam
jvalantam tvām āsādya bījauṣadhirasaiḥ na yakṣyati

31. Brahmā said, "O Agni, if ever a human being, enveloped by ignorance, approaches you who are blazing, and does not perform a Vedic ritual (yajña) with offerings of seed and herb essences for you—"

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator god)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Agni) (you (accusative))

• ज्वलन्तम् (jvalantam) - you (Agni) who are blazing (burning, blazing)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, personally, spontaneously

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

• मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a human being, a man

• क्वचित् (kvacit) - if ever, at any time (somewhere, at some time, ever)

• बीजौषधिरसैः (bījauṣadhirasaiḥ) - with offerings consisting of the essences of seeds and herbs (with the essences of seeds and herbs)

• वह्ने (vahne) - O Agni, O fire

• न (na) - not, no

• यक्ष्यति (yakṣyati) - will perform a Vedic ritual (yajña) (will perform a Vedic ritual, will sacrifice)

• तमोवृतः (tamovṛtaḥ) - enveloped by darkness, ignorant

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - the creator god Brahmā; a Brahmin; the supreme reality

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun, nominative singular masculine

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (Agni) (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular or plural)

ज्वलन्तम् (jvalantam) - you (Agni) who are blazing (burning, blazing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jvalant

jvalant - burning, blazing, shining

Present Active Participle

From root jval (to burn, to blaze). Accusative singular masculine, modifying tvām.

Root: jval (class 1)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed with prefix ā and root sad (to sit, go) with suffix -ya (lyap).

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, personally, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

Reflexive pronoun adverbial form.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a human being, a man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānava

mānava - a human being, a man, descendant of Manu

क्वचित् (kvacit) - if ever, at any time (somewhere, at some time, ever)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle used to express indefiniteness or condition.

बीजौषधिरसैः (bījauṣadhirasaiḥ) - with offerings consisting of the essences of seeds and herbs (with the essences of seeds and herbs)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bījauṣadhirasa

bījauṣadhirasa - essence of seeds and herbs

Compound of bīja (seed), auṣadhi (herb), and rasa (essence, juice).

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (bīja+auṣadhi+rasa)

• bīja – seed, germ, origin
  noun (neuter)
• auṣadhi – herb, medicinal plant, annual plant
  noun (feminine)
• rasa – essence, juice, liquid, taste
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ras (class 1)

वह्ने (vahne) - O Agni, O fire

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, the fire god Agni

Root: vah (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

यक्ष्यति (yakṣyati) - will perform a Vedic ritual (yajña) (will perform a Vedic ritual, will sacrifice)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yaj

future active

Future tense, 3rd person singular

Root: yaj (class 1)

तमोवृतः (tamovṛtaḥ) - enveloped by darkness, ignorant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tamovṛta

tamovṛta - covered with darkness, ignorant

Past Passive Participle (vṛta)

Compound of tamas (darkness, ignorance) and vṛta (covered, enveloped).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tamas+vṛta)

• tamas – darkness, ignorance, gloom
  noun (neuter)
• vṛta – covered, enveloped, surrounded, chosen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛ (to cover, enclose)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)