महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-273, verse-39

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
पर्वकाले तु संप्राप्ते यो वै छेदनभेदनम् ।
करिष्यति नरो मोहात्तमेषानुगमिष्यति ॥३९॥

39. brahmovāca ,
parvakāle tu saṁprāpte yo vai chedanabhedanam ,
kariṣyati naro mohāttameṣānugamiṣyati.

39. brahmā uvāca parvakāle tu samprāpte yaḥ vai
chedanabhedanam kariṣyati naraḥ mohāt tam eṣā anugamiṣyati

39. brahmā uvāca tu parvakāle samprāpte yaḥ naraḥ mohāt
chedanabhedanam kariṣyati tam eṣā anugamiṣyati

39. Brahma said: 'Indeed, when a sacred occasion (parvakāla) has arrived, any person who, out of delusion (moha), performs cutting and splitting – this (sin or consequence) will assuredly follow him.'

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma (the creator god)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• पर्वकाले (parvakāle) - at a sacred occasion (parvakāla) (at an auspicious time, during a sacred period)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• सम्प्राप्ते (samprāpte) - having arrived, having obtained, reached

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

• छेदनभेदनम् (chedanabhedanam) - cutting and splitting, piercing and breaking

• करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - will do, will perform, will make

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, out of ignorance, due to infatuation

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (sin or consequence) (this (feminine))

• अनुगमिष्यति (anugamiṣyati) - will follow, will pursue

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma (the creator god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahma (the creator god), a Brahmin, a priest

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Irregular perfect form from 'vac'.

पर्वकाले (parvakāle) - at a sacred occasion (parvakāla) (at an auspicious time, during a sacred period)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parva-kāla

parva-kāla - auspicious time, sacred season, festival period

Compound type : tatpurusha (parvan+kāla)

• parvan – knot, joint, section, limb, auspicious day
  noun (neuter)
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative case indicating 'when' or 'at what time'.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction/particle.

सम्प्राप्ते (samprāpte) - having arrived, having obtained, reached

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - arrived, obtained, reached, encountered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'pra-'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Locative absolute with 'parvakāle'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Begins a relative clause.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

(indeclinable)

छेदनभेदनम् (chedanabhedanam) - cutting and splitting, piercing and breaking

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chedana-bhedana

chedana-bhedana - cutting and splitting, piercing and breaking

Compound type : dvandva (chedana+bhedana)

• chedana – cutting, rending
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root 'chid' (to cut, divide)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• bhedana – splitting, breaking, piercing
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root 'bhid' (to split, break)
  Root: bhid (class 7)

करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - will do, will perform, will make

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Future tense form.

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, male, human being

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, out of ignorance, due to infatuation

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, infatuation, confusion, ignorance

action noun

From root 'muh' (to be bewildered, confused)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Ablative case denoting cause.

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'anugamiṣyati'.

एषा (eṣā) - this (sin or consequence) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one (near)

Note: Subject of the main clause, implicitly referring to the sin/consequence mentioned previously.

अनुगमिष्यति (anugamiṣyati) - will follow, will pursue

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: With prefix 'anu-'.