योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-183, verse-15

शापा वदिष्यन्ति ।
गम्यतां हे वरा दूरं कालोऽस्माकमुपागतः ।
क्रतूनामिव तन्नाम कः समर्थोऽतिवर्तितुम् ॥ १५ ॥

śāpā vadiṣyanti ,
gamyatāṃ he varā dūraṃ kālo'smākamupāgataḥ ,
kratūnāmiva tannāma kaḥ samartho'tivartitum 15

15. śāpā vadiṣyanti gamyatām he varā dūram kālaḥ asmākam
upāgataḥ kratūnām iva tat nāma kaḥ samarthaḥ ativartitum

15. śāpā vadiṣyanti he varā gamyatām dūram asmākam kālaḥ
upāgataḥ tat nāma kratūnām iva kaḥ ativartitum samarthaḥ

15. The curses will speak: "O Boons! Depart far away; our time has arrived. Who is capable of transgressing that decree, just as one cannot transgress the inherent power of Vedic rituals (yajña)?"

Words meanings summery:

• शापा (śāpā) - curses (personified) (curses, imprecations)

• वदिष्यन्ति (vadiṣyanti) - will speak (they will speak, they will say)

• गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let (you, O boons) go/depart (let it be gone, let one go, let there be going)

• हे (he) - O! (O! (vocative particle))

• वरा (varā) - O Boons! (O boons, O excellent ones)

• दूरम् (dūram) - far away (far, to a distance)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time (time, season, opportune moment, death)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (our, of us)

• उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - arrived (arrived, approached, come near)

• क्रतूनाम् (kratūnām) - of Vedic rituals (yajña) (of Vedic rituals, of sacrifices, of rites)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, this, it)

• नाम (nāma) - decree (name, appellation, word, command, decree)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, which, what)

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable (capable, able, competent, strong)

• अतिवर्तितुम् (ativartitum) - to transgress (to transgress, to overcome, to pass over)

Words meanings and morphology

शापा (śāpā) - curses (personified) (curses, imprecations)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation, oath

From root śap (to curse, swear).

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vadiṣyanti'.

वदिष्यन्ति (vadiṣyanti) - will speak (they will speak, they will say)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vad

Future tense

Root vad + sya (future marker) + anti (3rd plural ending).

Root: vad (class 1)

गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let (you, O boons) go/depart (let it be gone, let one go, let there be going)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative (passive voice)

Root gam + ya (passive marker) + tām (3rd singular passive imperative ending).

Root: gam (class 1)

हे (he) - O! (O! (vocative particle))

(indeclinable)

Vocative particle.

वरा (varā) - O Boons! (O boons, O excellent ones)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, excellent, husband

From root vṛ (to choose, wish).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Addressed by the curses.

दूरम् (dūram) - far away (far, to a distance)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially.

कालः (kālaḥ) - time (time, season, opportune moment, death)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, opportune moment, death

Note: Subject of 'upāgataḥ'.

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (our, of us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun.

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'kālaḥ'.

उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - arrived (arrived, approached, come near)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāgata

upāgata - arrived, approached, come near, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From prefix upa- + root ā- + root gam (to go) + suffix kta.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as the predicate here.

क्रतूनाम् (kratūnām) - of Vedic rituals (yajña) (of Vedic rituals, of sacrifices, of rites)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kratu

kratu - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, rite, power, will, intelligence

From root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Compared with 'tat nāma'.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (that, this, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, he, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'nāma' (name/decree).

नाम (nāma) - decree (name, appellation, word, command, decree)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, word, command, decree

Root jñā (to know), related to Greek onoma, Latin nomen.

Note: Subject of the infinitive 'ativartitum'.

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, which, what, why

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'samarthaḥ'.

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable (capable, able, competent, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - capable, able, competent, strong, suitable

From prefix sam- + artha (meaning, purpose, power).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sam+artha)

• sam – with, together, completely
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object, power
  noun (masculine)

अतिवर्तितुम् (ativartitum) - to transgress (to transgress, to overcome, to pass over)

(infinitive)

Note: Governed by 'samarthaḥ'.