योगवासिष्ठः
yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ
-
book-3, chapter-36, verse-48
पार्श्वेकतकयोः कर्का गिरिपर्णावमास्तथा ।
संत्यक्तधर्ममर्यादास्ते वर्णा म्लेच्छजातयः ॥ ४८ ॥
संत्यक्तधर्ममर्यादास्ते वर्णा म्लेच्छजातयः ॥ ४८ ॥
pārśvekatakayoḥ karkā giriparṇāvamāstathā ,
saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāste varṇā mlecchajātayaḥ 48
saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāste varṇā mlecchajātayaḥ 48
48.
pārśvekatakayoḥ karkā giriparṇāvamāḥ tathā
saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāḥ te varṇā mlecchajātayaḥ
saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāḥ te varṇā mlecchajātayaḥ
48.
pārśvekatakayoḥ karkā,
tathā giriparṇāvamāḥ,
te varṇā saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāḥ mlecchajātayaḥ (santi)
tathā giriparṇāvamāḥ,
te varṇā saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāḥ mlecchajātayaḥ (santi)
48.
The Karkas, pertaining to Pārśveka and Kataka, and also the Giriparṇāvamā — those classes (varṇā) are Mleccha races who have abandoned the boundaries of natural law (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पार्श्वेकतकयोः (pārśvekatakayoḥ) - pertaining to the Pārśveka and Kataka regions/peoples (of Pārśveka and Kataka, pertaining to Pārśveka and Kataka)
- कर्का (karkā) - a specific tribal group named Karkas (the Karkas (a people), crabs)
- गिरिपर्णावमाः (giriparṇāvamāḥ) - a specific tribal group named Giriparṇāvamās (the Giriparṇāvamās (a group of people))
- तथा (tathā) - and, also (and, also, likewise)
- संत्यक्तधर्ममर्यादाः (saṁtyaktadharmamaryādāḥ) - who have disregarded the principles of natural law (dharma) (having abandoned the boundaries of natural law (dharma))
- ते (te) - those (referring to the previously listed peoples) (those, they)
- वर्णा (varṇā) - social classes or castes (classes, castes, colors)
- म्लेच्छजातयः (mlecchajātayaḥ) - groups of people considered Mleccha (foreign, barbarian, outside traditional Vedic social structure) (Mleccha races/castes, barbarian groups)
Words meanings and morphology
पार्श्वेकतकयोः (pārśvekatakayoḥ) - pertaining to the Pārśveka and Kataka regions/peoples (of Pārśveka and Kataka, pertaining to Pārśveka and Kataka)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of pārśvekataka
pārśvekataka - name of two regions/peoples (Pārśveka and Kataka)
Compound type : dvandva (pārśveka+kataka)
- pārśveka – name of a region/people, belonging to the side/flank
proper noun (masculine) - kataka – name of a region/people, an army camp, bracelet
proper noun (masculine)
कर्का (karkā) - a specific tribal group named Karkas (the Karkas (a people), crabs)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of karka
karka - crab, a white horse, a people/tribe
गिरिपर्णावमाः (giriparṇāvamāḥ) - a specific tribal group named Giriparṇāvamās (the Giriparṇāvamās (a group of people))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of giriparṇāvamā
giriparṇāvamā - name of a people/tribe (likely a compound)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (giri+parṇa+avamā)
- giri – mountain, hill
noun (masculine) - parṇa – leaf, feather, name of a people
proper noun (masculine) - avamā – lowest, inferior, a people/tribe
proper noun (masculine)
तथा (tathā) - and, also (and, also, likewise)
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of the sandhi `giriparṇāvamāstathā` (giriparṇāvamāḥ + tathā).
संत्यक्तधर्ममर्यादाः (saṁtyaktadharmamaryādāḥ) - who have disregarded the principles of natural law (dharma) (having abandoned the boundaries of natural law (dharma))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃtyaktadharmamaryāda
saṁtyaktadharmamaryāda - one who has abandoned the boundaries of natural law (dharma)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (samtyakta+dharma+maryādā)
- samtyakta – completely abandoned/rejected
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'tyaj' with prefix 'sam'
Prefix: sam
Root: tyaj (class 1) - dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - maryādā – boundary, limit, moral law, propriety
noun (feminine)
Note: Modifies `varṇā` and `mlecchajātayaḥ`. Part of sandhi `saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāste`.
ते (te) - those (referring to the previously listed peoples) (those, they)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Part of sandhi `saṃtyaktadharmamaryādāste`.
वर्णा (varṇā) - social classes or castes (classes, castes, colors)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - color, caste, class, letter, quality
Root: vṛ (class 5)
म्लेच्छजातयः (mlecchajātayaḥ) - groups of people considered Mleccha (foreign, barbarian, outside traditional Vedic social structure) (Mleccha races/castes, barbarian groups)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of mlecchajāti
mlecchajāti - Mleccha race/caste, barbarian group
Compound type : tatpurusha (mleccha+jāti)
- mleccha – foreigner, barbarian, non-Aryan
noun (masculine)
Root: mlecch (class 1) - jāti – birth, lineage, species, race, caste
noun (feminine)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: `jāti` is an i-stem feminine noun. `jātayaḥ` is its nominative plural form.