योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-18, verse-66

एकदेशसमर्थत्वादुपमेयावबोधनम् ।
उपमानं करोत्यङ्ग दीपोऽर्थप्रभया यथा ॥ ६६ ॥

ekadeśasamarthatvādupameyāvabodhanam ,
upamānaṃ karotyaṅga dīpo'rthaprabhayā yathā 66

66. ekadeśasamarthatvāt upameyāvabodhanam upamānam
karoti aṅga dīpaḥ arthaprabhayā yathā

66. aṅga ekadeśasamarthatvāt upameyāvabodhanam
upamānam karoti yathā dīpaḥ arthaprabhayā

66. O dear one, just as a lamp illuminates objects (artha) by its light, so too a comparison (upamāna), by being effective in one aspect (ekadeśa), brings about the comprehension of the object being compared (upameya).

66. בכך שהוא תקף בהיבט אחד בלבד, המשל מאפשר את הבנת הנמשל, ידידי, כשם שהמנורה מראה את החפץ באמצעות אורה בלבד.

Words meanings summery:

• एकदेशसमर्थत्वात् (ekadeśasamarthatvāt) - due to the capability in one part, on account of effectiveness in a single aspect

• उपमेयावबोधनम् (upameyāvabodhanam) - the comprehension of the object to be compared, understanding the upameya

• उपमानम् (upamānam) - the object of comparison, the standard of comparison

• करोति (karoti) - does, makes, causes

• अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, O friend, indeed, certainly (vocative particle or interjection)

• दीपः (dīpaḥ) - a lamp, light

• अर्थप्रभया (arthaprabhayā) - by the light for objects, by the light illuminating objects

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

Words meanings and morphology

एकदेशसमर्थत्वात् (ekadeśasamarthatvāt) - due to the capability in one part, on account of effectiveness in a single aspect

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ekadeśasamarthatva

ekadeśasamarthatva - the state of being capable/effective in one part/aspect

Abstract noun formed from 'ekadeśasamartha' + suffix '-tva'. 'Ekadeśasamartha' is a compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ekadeśa+samartha+tva)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• deśa – part, region, country
  noun (masculine)
  From root diś- 'to point out'
  Root: diś (class 6)
• samartha – capable, able, effective, suitable
  adjective (masculine)
  From sam- + artha (meaning/purpose, from root ṛ- 'to go')
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• tva – suffix for abstract noun, -ness, -hood
  suffix (neuter)
  Forms abstract nouns from adjectives or nouns.

उपमेयावबोधनम् (upameyāvabodhanam) - the comprehension of the object to be compared, understanding the upameya

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upameyāvabodhana

upameyāvabodhana - understanding of the upameya (object of comparison)

Compound of 'upameya' (object to be compared) and 'avabodhana' (understanding).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (upameya+avabodhana)

• upameya – object to be compared, subject of comparison
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
  From upa- + root mā (to measure) + -eya
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)
• avabodhana – understanding, comprehension, instruction
  noun (neuter)
  From ava- + budh (to know) + -ana
  Prefix: ava
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Object of karoti.

उपमानम् (upamānam) - the object of comparison, the standard of comparison

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upamāna

upamāna - object of comparison, standard of comparison, analogy

From root mā (to measure) with prefix upa- and suffix -ana.

Prefix: upa

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Subject of karoti.

करोति (karoti) - does, makes, causes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present tense, active voice

3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, O friend, indeed, certainly (vocative particle or interjection)

(indeclinable)

Often used as an address.

Note: Functions as a vocative particle here.

दीपः (dīpaḥ) - a lamp, light

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpa

dīpa - lamp, light

From root dīp- 'to shine'.

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Subject in the yathā clause.

अर्थप्रभया (arthaprabhayā) - by the light for objects, by the light illuminating objects

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of arthaprabhā

arthaprabhā - light of objects, light for objects, radiant object

Compound of 'artha' (object) and 'prabhā' (light, radiance).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (artha+prabhā)

• artha – object, thing, purpose, meaning
  noun (masculine)
• prabhā – light, radiance, splendor
  noun (feminine)
  From pra- + bhā (to shine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Means by means of light.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

Correlative to tathā.

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