योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-18, verse-39

यथा संकल्पनगरे पुंसो हर्षविषादिता ।
न बाधते तथैवास्मिन्परिज्ञाते जगद्भ्रमे ॥ ३९ ॥

yathā saṃkalpanagare puṃso harṣaviṣāditā ,
na bādhate tathaivāsminparijñāte jagadbhrame 39

39. yathā saṅkalpanagare puṃsaḥ harṣaviṣāditā na
bādhate tathā eva asmin parijñāte jagat bhrame

39. yathā saṅkalpanagare puṃsaḥ harṣaviṣāditā na bādhate,
tathā eva asmin parijñāte jagat bhrame (sati na bādhate)

39. Just as joy and sorrow do not afflict a person within a city of their own imagination (saṅkalpanagara), so too, they do not disturb one when this illusion of the world (jagadbhrama) is properly understood.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• सङ्कल्पनगरे (saṅkalpanagare) - in a city of imagination/conception

• पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) - of a person, for a person, to a man

• हर्षविषादिता (harṣaviṣāditā) - joy and sorrow (state of having joy and sorrow)

• न (na) - not, no

• बाधते (bādhate) - troubles, afflicts, obstructs

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

• एव (eva) - even, only, just, indeed

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (masculine/neuter)

• परिज्ञाते (parijñāte) - when thoroughly known, when understood

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

• भ्रमे (bhrame) - in the delusion of the world (in the delusion, in the illusion)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the first part of the simile.

सङ्कल्पनगरे (saṅkalpanagare) - in a city of imagination/conception

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṅkalpanagara

saṅkalpanagara - city of imagination, mental city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṅkalpa+nagara)

• saṅkalpa – conception, intention, imagination, resolve
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√kḷp (to imagine, resolve)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)

पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) - of a person, for a person, to a man

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puṃs

puṁs - man, person, male

Note: Indicates the possessor or dative of interest ('for a person').

हर्षविषादिता (harṣaviṣāditā) - joy and sorrow (state of having joy and sorrow)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of harṣaviṣāditā

harṣaviṣāditā - state of joy and sorrow, happiness and misery

Derived from harṣa-viṣāda + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (harṣa+viṣāda)

• harṣa – joy, delight, excitement
  noun (masculine)
  From √hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• viṣāda – dejection, sorrow, despair
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-√sad (to sink down)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'na bādhate'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'bādhate'.

बाधते (bādhate) - troubles, afflicts, obstructs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bādh

present middle

Class 1 verb

Root: bādh (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, so, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two parts of the simile.

एव (eva) - even, only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'tathā'.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (masculine/neuter)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

परिज्ञाते (parijñāte) - when thoroughly known, when understood

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of parijñāta

parijñāta - known, understood, recognized

Past Passive Participle

From pari-√jñā (to know thoroughly)

Prefix: pari

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: In locative absolute construction with 'asmin' and 'jagad bhrame'.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

(noun)

neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe

Present participle of gam, used as a noun

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Appears as the first part of the compound 'jagadbhrama'.

भ्रमे (bhrame) - in the delusion of the world (in the delusion, in the illusion)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhrama

bhrama - delusion, illusion, error

From √bhram (to wander, be confused)

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: In locative absolute construction, with 'jagat' forming the compound 'jagadbhrama'.

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