योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-18, verse-22

शाम्यन्ति शुद्धिमायान्ति सौम्यास्तिष्ठन्ति सून्नते ।
अचञ्चले जलेऽतृष्णाः शरदीवाभ्रमालिकाः ॥ २२ ॥

śāmyanti śuddhimāyānti saumyāstiṣṭhanti sūnnate ,
acañcale jale'tṛṣṇāḥ śaradīvābhramālikāḥ 22

22. śāmyanti śuddhim āyānti saumyāḥ tiṣṭhanti su-unnate
acañcale jale a-tṛṣṇāḥ śaradīvabhramālikāḥ

22. a-tṛṣṇāḥ śāmyanti śuddhim āyānti saumyāḥ su-unnate
tiṣṭhanti śaradīvabhramālikāḥ acañcale jale iva

22. The desireless ones become tranquil, attain purity, remain gentle, and stand lofty, just like rows of clear clouds in autumn appear in unwavering water.

Words meanings summery:

• शाम्यन्ति (śāmyanti) - they become tranquil, they cease, they subside

• शुद्धिम् (śuddhim) - purity, purification

• आयान्ति (āyānti) - they attain, they come to

• सौम्याः (saumyāḥ) - gentle ones, calm ones, benevolent ones

• तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they abide

• सु-उन्नते (su-unnate) - in a lofty state, in an elevated condition, nobly

• अचञ्चले (acañcale) - in the unwavering, in the steady, in the still

• जले (jale) - in water

• अ-तृष्णाः (a-tṛṣṇāḥ) - desireless ones, those without craving

• शरदीवभ्रमालिकाः (śaradīvabhramālikāḥ) - like rows of clouds in autumn

Words meanings and morphology

शाम्यन्ति (śāmyanti) - they become tranquil, they cease, they subside

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śam

Present Active

From root śam, 4th class.

Root: śam (class 4)

शुद्धिम् (śuddhim) - purity, purification

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śuddhi

śuddhi - purity, cleanness, purification

Root: śudh (class 4)

Note: Direct object of āyānti.

आयान्ति (āyānti) - they attain, they come to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ā-yā

Present Active

From root yā with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

सौम्याः (saumyāḥ) - gentle ones, calm ones, benevolent ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saumya

saumya - gentle, calm, benevolent, lunar, relating to Soma

Derived from soma.

Note: Predicative adjective for the subject.

तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they abide

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present Active

From root sthā, 1st class.

Root: sthā (class 1)

सु-उन्नते (su-unnate) - in a lofty state, in an elevated condition, nobly

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of su-unnata

su-unnata - well-elevated, lofty, noble, high

Past Passive Participle

Formed from su (good) and unnata (elevated). unnata from ud + nam.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+unnata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• unnata – elevated, high, risen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ud + nam (to bend/rise).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase "in a lofty manner/state".

अचञ्चले (acañcale) - in the unwavering, in the steady, in the still

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of acañcala

acañcala - unwavering, steady, still, immovable

a (not) + cañcala (moving, wavering).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cañcala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• cañcala – moving, flickering, unsteady, fickle
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cal (to move).
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Adjective for jale.

जले (jale) - in water

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Note: Location for the simile.

अ-तृष्णाः (a-tṛṣṇāḥ) - desireless ones, those without craving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atṛṣṇa

atṛṣṇa - without thirst, desireless, free from craving

a (not) + tṛṣṇā (thirst, craving, desire).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tṛṣṇā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• tṛṣṇā – thirst, craving, desire
  noun (feminine)
  Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

Note: The subject of the verbs in the first line.

शरदीवभ्रमालिकाः (śaradīvabhramālikāḥ) - like rows of clouds in autumn

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śaradīvabhramālikā

śaradīvabhramālikā - rows of clouds, like those in autumn

Compound formed from śaradi (in autumn) + iva (like) + abhramālikā (row of clouds). śaradi iva becomes śaradīva by sandhi. This then forms a descriptive compound with abhramālikā.

Compound type : tatpurusha (śarad+iva+abhramālikā)

• śarad – autumn
  noun (feminine)
• iva – like, as if
  indeclinable
• abhramālikā – row of clouds, cloud-bank
  noun (feminine)
  Compound abhra (cloud) + mālikā (row/garland).

Note: The object of comparison.