योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-18, verse-44

सुखासनोपविष्टेन यथासंभवमश्नता ।
भोगजालं सदाचारविरुद्धेषु न तिष्ठता ॥ ४४ ॥

sukhāsanopaviṣṭena yathāsaṃbhavamaśnatā ,
bhogajālaṃ sadācāraviruddheṣu na tiṣṭhatā 44

44. sukhāsanopaviṣṭena yathāsaṃbhavam aśnatā |
bhogajālaṃ sadācāraviruddheṣu na tiṣṭhatā

44. sukhāsanopaviṣṭena,
yathāsaṃbhavam aśnatā,
sadācāraviruddheṣu bhogajālaṃ na tiṣṭhatā (jīvena.
.
.
kartavyam).

44. By one who is seated in a comfortable posture, who partakes of food as much as is appropriate, and who does not remain engaged with the network of enjoyments (bhoga) found in situations contrary to good conduct (sadācāra).

Words meanings summery:

• सुखासनोपविष्टेन (sukhāsanopaviṣṭena) - by one seated in a comfortable posture

• यथासंभवम् (yathāsaṁbhavam) - as far as possible, as much as possible/appropriate

• अश्नता (aśnatā) - by one eating, by the one consuming

• भोगजालं (bhogajālaṁ) - the network of enjoyments, the entanglement of pleasures

• सदाचारविरुद्धेषु (sadācāraviruddheṣu) - in matters/situations contrary to good conduct

• न (na) - not, no

• तिष्ठता (tiṣṭhatā) - by one engaging with, by one dwelling in (by one standing, by one remaining, by one adhering to)

Words meanings and morphology

सुखासनोपविष्टेन (sukhāsanopaviṣṭena) - by one seated in a comfortable posture

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sukhāsanopaviṣṭa

sukhāsanopaviṣṭa - seated in a comfortable posture

Past Passive Participle

Compound: sukha + āsana + upaviṣṭa

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sukha+āsana+upaviṣṭa)

• sukha – comfort, ease, happiness
  noun (neuter)
• āsana – seat, sitting, posture (āsana)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root ās (to sit) + ana (suffix)
  Root: ās (class 2)
• upaviṣṭa – seated, sitting
  adjective (Past Passive Participle) (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of upa-viś (to sit down)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies an implied agent.

यथासंभवम् (yathāsaṁbhavam) - as far as possible, as much as possible/appropriate

(indeclinable)

Compound yathā (as) + saṃbhava (possible)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+saṃbhava)

• yathā – as, just as, in which way
  indeclinable
• saṃbhava – possible, likely, existence, origin
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from sam (prefix) + bhū (root)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying aśnatā.

अश्नता (aśnatā) - by one eating, by the one consuming

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśnat

aśnat - eating, consuming

Present Active Participle

Present participle of root aś (to eat)

Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Qualifies an implied agent.

भोगजालं (bhogajālaṁ) - the network of enjoyments, the entanglement of pleasures

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhogajāla

bhogajāla - network of enjoyments/pleasures, entanglement of experiences

Compound

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhoga+jāla)

• bhoga – enjoyment, experience, possession, food (bhoga)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhuj (to enjoy/eat)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• jāla – net, snare, network, multitude
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the negated action of tiṣṭhatā.

सदाचारविरुद्धेषु (sadācāraviruddheṣu) - in matters/situations contrary to good conduct

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of sadācāraviruddha

sadācāraviruddha - contrary to good conduct (sadācāra)

Compound

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sadācāra+viruddha)

• sadācāra – good conduct, virtuous behavior (sadācāra)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of sat (good) + ācāra (conduct)
• viruddha – opposed, contrary, obstructed, hostile
  adjective (Past Passive Participle) (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of vi-rudh (to obstruct, oppose)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Used as a substantive, referring to 'things' or 'situations' that are contrary to good conduct.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates tiṣṭhatā.

तिष्ठता (tiṣṭhatā) - by one engaging with, by one dwelling in (by one standing, by one remaining, by one adhering to)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, remaining, existing, adhering to

Present Active Participle

Present participle of root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied agent. With accusative, can mean 'to observe, follow'. With locative, 'to dwell in'.

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