वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-32, verse-48

अपक्रान्तेष्वमात्येषु प्रहस्ते च निपातिते ।
रावणो ऽभ्यद्रवत्तूर्णमर्जुनं नृपसत्तमम् ॥४८॥

48. apakrānteṣvamātyeṣu prahaste ca nipātite ,
rāvaṇo'bhyadravattūrṇamarjunaṃ nṛpasattamam.

48. apakrānteṣu amātyeṣu prahaste ca nipātite
rāvaṇaḥ abhyadravat tūrṇam arjunam nṛpasattamam

48. amātyeṣu apakrānteṣu ca prahaste nipātite
rāvaṇaḥ nṛpasattamam arjunam tūrṇam abhyadravat

48. When his ministers had fled and Prahasta had been killed, Ravana quickly rushed towards Arjuna, the best of kings.

Words meanings summery:

• अपक्रान्तेषु (apakrānteṣu) - when his ministers had fled (when departed, having fled, when moved away)

• अमात्येषु (amātyeṣu) - among his ministers (among ministers, concerning ministers)

• प्रहस्ते (prahaste) - concerning Prahasta (in Prahasta, concerning Prahasta)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• निपातिते (nipātite) - having been killed (having been struck down, killed, felled)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - rushed towards (he ran towards, rushed to, attacked)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• नृपसत्तमम् (nṛpasattamam) - the best of kings

Words meanings and morphology

अपक्रान्तेषु (apakrānteṣu) - when his ministers had fled (when departed, having fled, when moved away)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of apakrānta

apakrānta - departed, fled, gone away

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root `kram` (to step, go) with upasarga `apa` (away) and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: apa

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

अमात्येषु (amātyeṣu) - among his ministers (among ministers, concerning ministers)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of amātya

amātya - minister, cabinet member, companion

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

प्रहस्ते (prahaste) - concerning Prahasta (in Prahasta, concerning Prahasta)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of prahasta

prahasta - Prahasta (name of a Rākṣasa, Ravana's general)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

निपातिते (nipātite) - having been killed (having been struck down, killed, felled)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, killed, felled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root `pat` (to fall) with upasarga `ni` (down) and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (King of Lanka, chief antagonist in the Rāmāyaṇa)

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - rushed towards (he ran towards, rushed to, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-dru

Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra)

Root `dru` (to run) with upasarga `abhi` (towards, upon). Third person singular active.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root `tvar` (to hasten) with suffix `kta`.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of the PPP `tūrṇa` used as an adverb.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (Kārtavīrya Arjuna, the thousand-armed king)

नृपसत्तमम् (nṛpasattamam) - the best of kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings, excellent king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix `tama`.

Note: Apposition to Arjuna.