वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-32, verse-17

तमद्भुततमं दृष्ट्वा राक्षसौ शुकसारणौ ।
संनिवृत्ताव् उपागम्य रावणं तमथोचतुः ॥१७॥

17. tamadbhutatamaṃ dṛṣṭvā rākṣasau śukasāraṇau ,
saṃnivṛttāv upāgamya rāvaṇaṃ tamathocatuḥ.

17. tam adbhutatamam dṛṣṭvā rākṣasau śukasāraṇau
saṃnivṛttau upāgamya rāvaṇam tam atha ūcatuḥ

17. rākṣasau śukasāraṇau tam adbhutatamam dṛṣṭvā
saṃnivṛttau rāvaṇam upāgamya tam atha ūcatuḥ

17. Having seen that most astonishing being, the two rākṣasas, Śuka and Sāraṇa, returned, approached Rāvaṇa, and then spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (being) (him, that)

• अद्भुततमम् (adbhutatamam) - most astonishing (most amazing, most wonderful)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• राक्षसौ (rākṣasau) - the two rākṣasas (two rākṣasas, two demons)

• शुकसारणौ (śukasāraṇau) - Śuka and Sāraṇa (the two specific rākṣasas) (Śuka and Sāraṇa)

• संनिवृत्तौ (saṁnivṛttau) - having returned (having returned, having come back)

• उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached (having approached, having come near)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

• तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, next, moreover)

• ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they (two) spoke (they two spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (being) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to the being observed.

अद्भुततमम् (adbhutatamam) - most astonishing (most amazing, most wonderful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adbhutatamam

adbhutatamam - most amazing, most wonderful, most extraordinary

Superlative of adbhuta (amazing).

Note: Agrees with tam.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutiv (gerund)

Formed from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राक्षसौ (rākṣasau) - the two rākṣasas (two rākṣasas, two demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - rākṣasa, demon, giant

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the actions.

शुकसारणौ (śukasāraṇau) - Śuka and Sāraṇa (the two specific rākṣasas) (Śuka and Sāraṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śukasāraṇa

śukasāraṇa - Śuka and Sāraṇa (proper names)

Dvandva compound of Śuka and Sāraṇa.

Compound type : itaretara dvandva (śuka+sāraṇa)

• śuka – parrot; proper name Śuka
  proper noun (masculine)
• sāraṇa – guide; proper name Sāraṇa
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the two specific rākṣasas.

संनिवृत्तौ (saṁnivṛttau) - having returned (having returned, having come back)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃnivṛtta

saṁnivṛtta - returned, come back, ceased, stopped

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt with prefixes sam and ni.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rākṣasau śukasāraṇau.

उपागम्य (upāgamya) - having approached (having approached, having come near)

(indeclinable)

absolutiv (gerund)

Formed from root gam with prefix upa-ā (upā-).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Object of upāgamya.

तम् (tam) - him (Rāvaṇa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Object of ūcatuḥ.

अथ (atha) - then (then, next, moreover)

(indeclinable)

ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they (two) spoke (they two spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person, Dual

Root vac (to speak), perfect forms can be irregular; vac becomes uc in many perfect forms.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The verb refers to the action of śukasāraṇau.