महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-58

यथा देवासुरं युद्धं पूर्वमासीद्विशां पते ।
अभीतानां तथा राजन्यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम् ॥५८॥

58. yathā devāsuraṁ yuddhaṁ pūrvamāsīdviśāṁ pate ,
abhītānāṁ tathā rājanyamarāṣṭravivardhanam.

58. yathā devāsuram yuddham pūrvam āsīt viśām pate
abhītānām tathā rājan yamarāṣṭravivardhanam

58. viśām pate rājan yathā pūrvam devāsuram yuddham
āsīt tathā abhītānām yamarāṣṭravivardhanam

58. Just as there was formerly a great battle between the gods and asuras (devāsuram yuddham), O lord of men (viśām pate), so too, O king (rājan), for those who were fearless, this battle was one that increased the dominion of Yama.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• देवासुरम् (devāsuram) - pertaining to gods and asuras; between gods and demons

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects, of men

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• अभीतानाम् (abhītānām) - of the fearless warriors (of the fearless, of those who are not afraid)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम् (yamarāṣṭravivardhanam) - increasing the realm of Yama; causing the expansion of the dominion of death

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

देवासुरम् (devāsuram) - pertaining to gods and asuras; between gods and demons

(adjective)

neuter, singular of devāsura

devāsura - gods and asuras (demons)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+asura)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• asura – demon, anti-god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Neuter singular, here used adjectivally to describe 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (derived from yudh)

From root yudh- 'to fight', with suffix -ta, forming a noun.

Root: yudh (class 4)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects, of men

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subject, settlement, clan

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

अभीतानाम् (abhītānām) - of the fearless warriors (of the fearless, of those who are not afraid)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abhīta

abhīta - fearless, not frightened

Past Passive Participle

From root bhī 'to fear' with prefix a- (negation).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhīta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bhīta – frightened, feared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhī 'to fear'
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Referring to the fearless warriors.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम् (yamarāṣṭravivardhanam) - increasing the realm of Yama; causing the expansion of the dominion of death

(adjective)

neuter, singular of yamarāṣṭravivardhana

yamarāṣṭravivardhana - increasing the realm of Yama

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (yama+rāṣṭra+vivardhana)

• yama – Yama (the god of death), restraint
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: yam (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)
• vivardhana – increasing, causing to grow, expanding
  adjective (neuter)
  agent noun/action noun
  From root vṛdh 'to grow' with prefix vi- and suffix -ana.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Referring to the nature of the battle.