महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-35

तावेनं प्रत्यविध्येतां पृथक्पृथगजिह्मगैः ।
सारथिं चास्य राजेन्द्र शरैर्विव्यधतुः शितैः ॥३५॥

35. tāvenaṁ pratyavidhyetāṁ pṛthakpṛthagajihmagaiḥ ,
sārathiṁ cāsya rājendra śarairvivyadhatuḥ śitaiḥ.

35. tau enaṃ pratyavidhyetām pṛthak pṛthak ajihmagaiḥ
sārathiṃ ca asya rājendra śaraiḥ vivyadhatuḥ śitaiḥ

35. rājendra tau enam pṛthak pṛthak ajihmagaiḥ
pratyavidhyetām ca asya sārathiṃ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyadhatuḥ

35. O best of kings, those two (Satyaseṇa and Suṣeṇa) in turn pierced him (Nakula) separately with straight-flying arrows, and they also pierced his charioteer with sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• एनं (enaṁ) - him

• प्रत्यविध्येताम् (pratyavidhyetām) - they pierced in return

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, apart

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, each

• अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - with straight-flying (arrows)

• सारथिं (sārathiṁ) - charioteer

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - his

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• विव्यधतुः (vivyadhatuḥ) - they pierced

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Satyaseṇa and Suṣeṇa from the previous verse.

एनं (enaṁ) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him

Oblique pronominal stem, accusative singular.

Note: Refers to Nakula.

प्रत्यविध्येताम् (pratyavidhyetām) - they pierced in return

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of prativyadh

Imperfect tense, Middle voice, 3rd person dual

From root √vyadh (vidh) with upasarga prati-. The 'a-' augment indicates past tense.

Prefix: prati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Action performed by Satyaseṇa and Suṣeṇa.

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, apart

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, each

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - with straight-flying (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajihmaga

ajihmaga - going straight, not crooked, straight-flying (referring to arrows)

Compound: a- (not) + jihma (crooked) + ga (going).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jihma+ga)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jihma – crooked, oblique, dishonest
  adjective
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root √gam 'to go'
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies arrows (implied, later 'śaraiḥ').

सारथिं (sārathiṁ) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

Masculine noun ending in -i.

Note: Direct object of 'vivyadhatuḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अस्य (asya) - his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, his

Genitive singular of 'idam'.

Note: Refers to Nakula.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - best of kings, chief of kings

Vocative singular of rājendra (rājan + indra).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address to the listener.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of piercing.

विव्यधतुः (vivyadhatuḥ) - they pierced

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect tense, Active voice, 3rd person dual

Reduplicated perfect form of √vyadh (4th class).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Action performed by Satyaseṇa and Suṣeṇa.

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, sharp, keen

Past Passive Participle

From root √śo (to sharpen).

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies śaraiḥ.