महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-40

भ्रातरं निहतं दृष्ट्वा सुषेणः क्रोधमूर्छितः ।
अभ्यवर्षच्छरैस्तूर्णं पदातिं पाण्डुनन्दनम् ॥४०॥

40. bhrātaraṁ nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā suṣeṇaḥ krodhamūrchitaḥ ,
abhyavarṣaccharaistūrṇaṁ padātiṁ pāṇḍunandanam.

40. bhrātaram nihatam dṛṣṭvā suṣeṇaḥ krodhamūrchitaḥ
abhyavarṣat śaraiḥ tūrṇam padātim pāṇḍunandanam

40. bhrātaram nihatam dṛṣṭvā,
krodhamūrchitaḥ suṣeṇaḥ,
tūrṇam padātim pāṇḍunandanam śaraiḥ abhyavarṣat.

40. Having seen his brother killed, Suṣeṇa, overcome with anger, quickly showered arrows upon the Pāṇḍava prince who was on foot.

Words meanings summery:

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - His (Suṣeṇa's) brother. (brother)

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down, destroyed

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• सुषेणः (suṣeṇaḥ) - Suṣeṇa (proper name, 'having a good army')

• क्रोधमूर्छितः (krodhamūrchitaḥ) - overcome with anger, faint with rage, enraged

• अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - he showered upon, he rained upon

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• पदातिम् (padātim) - foot-soldier, infantryman, one who goes on foot

• पाण्डुनन्दनम् (pāṇḍunandanam) - Refers to Nakula. (son of Pāṇḍu, descendent of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava prince)

Words meanings and morphology

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - His (Suṣeṇa's) brother. (brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

R-stem noun.

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down, destroyed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed, smitten

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` (to strike, kill) with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुषेणः (suṣeṇaḥ) - Suṣeṇa (proper name, 'having a good army')

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suṣeṇa

suṣeṇa - Suṣeṇa (name of various kings, warriors, etc.)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+senā)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• senā – army, host, weapon
  noun (feminine)

क्रोधमूर्छितः (krodhamūrchitaḥ) - overcome with anger, faint with rage, enraged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhamūrchita

krodhamūrchita - overcome with anger, swooning with anger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+mūrchita)

• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  From root `krudh` (to be angry).
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• mūrchita – fainted, swooned, unconscious, infatuated, overcome
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `mūrch` (to swoon, faint).
  Root: mūrch (class 1)

अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - he showered upon, he rained upon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛṣ

Imperfect active (laṅ)

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. With prefix `abhi`.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow; reed; water

Root: śṛ (class 9)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (from `tvar` to hasten)

Often used adverbially in the accusative neuter singular.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

पदातिम् (padātim) - foot-soldier, infantryman, one who goes on foot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of padāti

padāti - foot-soldier, pedestrian, one going on foot

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Adjective here, modifying Pāṇḍunandanam.

पाण्डुनन्दनम् (pāṇḍunandanam) - Refers to Nakula. (son of Pāṇḍu, descendent of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava prince)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍunandana

pāṇḍunandana - son of Pāṇḍu, descendent of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+nandana)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas); yellowish-white
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delighting, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  From root `nand` (to rejoice).
  Root: nand (class 1)