महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-5

आपतन्तं च सहसा पाण्डवानां महद्बलम् ।
दधारैको रणे शल्यो वेलेवोद्धृतमर्णवम् ॥५॥

5. āpatantaṁ ca sahasā pāṇḍavānāṁ mahadbalam ,
dadhāraiko raṇe śalyo velevoddhṛtamarṇavam.

5. āpatantam ca sahasā pāṇḍavānām mahat balam
dadhāra ekaḥ raṇe śalyaḥ velā iva uddhṛtam arṇavam

5. ca śalyaḥ ekaḥ raṇe sahasā āpatantam mahat
pāṇḍavānām balam velā iva uddhṛtam arṇavam dadhāra

5. And suddenly, Śalya alone in battle held back the great, approaching force of the Pāṇḍavas, just as a shore holds back an agitated ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

• च (ca) - and, also

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, violently

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• दधार (dadhāra) - held, bore, sustained

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, single

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - name of the king of Madra (Śalya)

• वेला (velā) - shore, bank, boundary

• इव (iva) - like, as

• उद्धृतम् (uddhṛtam) - raised, agitated, heaved up

• अर्णवम् (arṇavam) - ocean, sea

Words meanings and morphology

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āpatant

āpatant - approaching, falling upon, descending

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall) with prefix ā (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, violently

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

दधार (dadhāra) - held, bore, sustained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 3)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, single

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with 'śalyaḥ'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - name of the king of Madra (Śalya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king, brother of Mādrī)

वेला (velā) - shore, bank, boundary

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of velā

velā - shore, coast, bank, boundary, time, tide

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

उद्धृतम् (uddhṛtam) - raised, agitated, heaved up

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uddhṛta

uddhṛta - lifted up, raised, drawn out, agitated

Past Passive Participle

From root dhṛ (to hold, bear) with prefix ud (up, out).

Prefix: ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'arṇavam'.

अर्णवम् (arṇavam) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea, flood, stream