महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-55

परिवार्य रणे वीराः सिंहनादं प्रचक्रिरे ।
बाणशब्दरवांश्चोग्रान्क्ष्वेडांश्च विविधान्दधुः ॥५५॥

55. parivārya raṇe vīrāḥ siṁhanādaṁ pracakrire ,
bāṇaśabdaravāṁścogrānkṣveḍāṁśca vividhāndadhuḥ.

55. parivārya raṇe vīrāḥ siṃhanādam pracakrire
bāṇaśabdaravān ca ugrān kṣveḍān ca vividhān dadhuḥ

55. vīrāḥ raṇe parivārya siṃhanādam ca ugrān
bāṇaśabdaravān ca vividhān kṣveḍān pracakrire dadhuḥ

55. Surrounding him in battle, the heroes let out lion's roars and produced terrible sounds of arrows and various war-cries.

Words meanings summery:

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encompassed

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - Refers to Sātyaki, Bhīmasena, Nakula, and Sahadeva from the previous verse. (heroes, brave men)

• सिंहनादम् (siṁhanādam) - lion's roar, mighty roar

• प्रचक्रिरे (pracakrire) - they made, they performed, they did

• बाणशब्दरवान् (bāṇaśabdaravān) - sounds and roars of arrows

• च (ca) - and, also

• उग्रान् (ugrān) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• क्ष्वेडान् (kṣveḍān) - war-cries, shouts, roars

• च (ca) - and, also

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

• दधुः (dadhuḥ) - They uttered (sounds/cries). (they uttered, they held, they placed)

Words meanings and morphology

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encompassed

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from prefix 'pari' + root 'vṛ' (to cover) + suffix 'tya'

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 9)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - Refers to Sātyaki, Bhīmasena, Nakula, and Sahadeva from the previous verse. (heroes, brave men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Refers to Sātyaki, Bhīmasena, Nakula, and Sahadeva.

सिंहनादम् (siṁhanādam) - lion's roar, mighty roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃhanāda

siṁhanāda - lion's roar, mighty roar

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+nāda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – roar, sound, cry
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'nad'
  Root: nad (class 1)

प्रचक्रिरे (pracakrire) - they made, they performed, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect active

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बाणशब्दरवान् (bāṇaśabdaravān) - sounds and roars of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇaśabdarava

bāṇaśabdarava - sound and roar of arrows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bāṇa+śabdarava)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• śabdarava – sound and roar
  noun (masculine)

Note: śabdarava is treated as a dvandva compound of śabda and rava, which then combines with bāṇa in a tatpuruṣa relation.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उग्रान् (ugrān) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ugra

ugra - terrible, fierce, dreadful, mighty

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇaśabdaravān' and 'kṣveḍān'.

क्ष्वेडान् (kṣveḍān) - war-cries, shouts, roars

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṣveḍa

kṣveḍa - roar, cry, war-cry

from root 'kṣviḍ'

Root: kṣviḍ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विविधान् (vividhān) - various, manifold, diverse

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse, of different kinds

Note: Qualifies 'kṣveḍān'.

दधुः (dadhuḥ) - They uttered (sounds/cries). (they uttered, they held, they placed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of dhā

perfect active

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural, Parasmaipada

Root: dhā (class 3)