महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-53

मद्रराजं महेष्वासं परिवार्य समन्ततः ।
स्थिता राजन्महासेना योद्धुकामाः समन्ततः ॥५३॥

53. madrarājaṁ maheṣvāsaṁ parivārya samantataḥ ,
sthitā rājanmahāsenā yoddhukāmāḥ samantataḥ.

53. madrarājam maheṣvāsām parivārya samantataḥ
sthitāḥ rājan mahāsenāḥ yoddhukāmāḥ samantataḥ

53. rājan mahāsenāḥ samantataḥ maheṣvāsām madrarājam
parivārya samantataḥ yoddhukāmāḥ sthitāḥ

53. O King, the great armies, desiring to fight, surrounded the great archer, the king of Madra, from all sides and stood deployed everywhere.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the king of Madra

• महेष्वासाम् (maheṣvāsām) - the great archer

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood, were positioned

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• महासेनाः (mahāsenāḥ) - great armies/hosts

• योद्धुकामाः (yoddhukāmāḥ) - desiring to fight, eager for battle

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - the king of Madra

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of the Madra people/country

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan)

• madra – Madra (a country and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

महेष्वासाम् (maheṣvāsām) - the great archer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Root vṛ (to cover/encompass) with prefix pari, causative suffix -āp, and gerund suffix -ya

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood, were positioned

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, fixed, positioned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

महासेनाः (mahāsenāḥ) - great armies/hosts

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mahāsenā

mahāsenā - great army, large force

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+senā)

• mahant – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

योद्धुकामाः (yoddhukāmāḥ) - desiring to fight, eager for battle

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yoddhukāma

yoddhukāma - desirous of fighting, eager for battle

Derived from yoddhum (infinitive of yudh 'to fight') + kāma ('desire')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoddhu+kāma)

• yoddhu – to fight (infinitive stem)
  verb
  infinitive
  Infinitive form of the root yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with mahāsenāḥ.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)