महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-30

सुषेणस्तु ततः क्रुद्धः पाण्डवस्य महद्धनुः ।
चिच्छेद प्रहसन्युद्धे क्षुरप्रेण महारथः ॥३०॥

30. suṣeṇastu tataḥ kruddhaḥ pāṇḍavasya mahaddhanuḥ ,
ciccheda prahasanyuddhe kṣurapreṇa mahārathaḥ.

30. suṣeṇaḥ tu tataḥ kruddhaḥ pāṇḍavasya mahat dhanuḥ
ciccheda prahasan yuddhe kṣurapreṇa mahārathaḥ

30. tataḥ kruddhaḥ yuddhe prahasan mahārathaḥ suṣeṇaḥ
tu kṣurapreṇa pāṇḍavasya mahat dhanuḥ ciccheda

30. Then, the great warrior Suṣeṇa, enraged and laughing in battle, cut off the large bow of the son of Pāṇḍu with a razor-sharp arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• सुषेणः (suṣeṇaḥ) - Suṣeṇa, the great warrior (Suṣeṇa)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

• पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the son of Pāṇḍu (referring to Nakula) (of the son of Pāṇḍu, of a Pāṇḍava)

• महत् (mahat) - large (great, large, mighty)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow (bow, arc)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, broke (cut off, broke, split)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing (laughing, smiling)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-sharp arrow, with a kṣurapra (type of arrow))

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great warrior (great warrior, mighty charioteer)

Words meanings and morphology

सुषेणः (suṣeṇaḥ) - Suṣeṇa, the great warrior (Suṣeṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suṣeṇa

suṣeṇa - Suṣeṇa (name of a warrior)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh with suffix -ta (dha after dhr).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying Suṣeṇaḥ.

पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the son of Pāṇḍu (referring to Nakula) (of the son of Pāṇḍu, of a Pāṇḍava)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pāṇḍu + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

Note: Refers to Nakula.

महत् (mahat) - large (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, enormous

Present Active Participle

Derived from root mah (to be great) with suffix śatṛ.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Modifies dhanuḥ.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow (bow, arc)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc, a measure of distance

Note: Object of ciccheda.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut off, broke (cut off, broke, split)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect tense, reduplicated aorist

Perfect tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular. Formed by reduplication and strengthening of the root.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing (laughing, smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasant

prahasant - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root has (to laugh) with upasarga pra- and suffix śatṛ.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Co-refers to Suṣeṇa.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (from yudh) used as a noun.

From root yudh + ta.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Location of the action.

क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-sharp arrow, with a kṣurapra (type of arrow))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - razor-sharp arrow, an arrow with a crescent-shaped head

Compound of kṣura (razor) and pra (referring to the tip or an arrow).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣura+pra)

• kṣura – razor, knife blade
  noun (masculine)
• pra – tip, arrow, fore-part
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pra-' prefix sometimes meaning 'forward', 'fore-'. Here as a noun for a specific type of arrow.

Note: Instrument of cutting.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great warrior (great warrior, mighty charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, mighty charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting 10,000 archers

Compound of mahā (great) and ratha (chariot/warrior).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-chariot, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)
  From root ram (to enjoy, delight) or rā (to give) with -atha suffix.
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence, referring to Suṣeṇa.