महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-9, verse-45

ततः क्रुद्धो महाराज नकुलः परवीरहा ।
शरैस्तस्य दिशः सर्वाश्छादयामास वीर्यवान् ॥४५॥

45. tataḥ kruddho mahārāja nakulaḥ paravīrahā ,
śaraistasya diśaḥ sarvāśchādayāmāsa vīryavān.

45. tataḥ kruddhaḥ mahārāja nakulaḥ paravīrahā
śaraiḥ tasya diśaḥ sarvāḥ chādayāmāsa vīryavān

45. tataḥ mahārāja kruddhaḥ vīryavān paravīrahā
nakulaḥ tasya sarvāḥ diśaḥ śaraiḥ chādayāmāsa

45. Then, O great king, the enraged, valiant Nakula, slayer of enemy heroes, covered all directions with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - he covered, he obscured

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valiant, powerful

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, fierce

past passive participle

formed from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Nakula.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: An address to Dhritarashtra.

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (name of a Pandava brother)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of enemy heroes

compound of para (enemy) and vīrahan (hero-slayer)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (para+vīrahan)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• vīrahan – slayer of heroes
  noun (masculine)
  derived from vīra (hero) and han (to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Nakula.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: The instrument for covering.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sushena (implied by context from previous verse), indicating the directions around him or in front of him.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

Note: Object of `chādayāmāsa`.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies `diśaḥ`.

छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - he covered, he obscured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (periphrastic) (liṭ) of chad

formed from root chad, which belongs to 10th class (P/A) or occasionally 1st/6th. The form is a periphrastic perfect (ām-pratyaya) with the auxiliary verb ās (from as 'to be')

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Action performed by Nakula.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - valiant, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - valiant, powerful, heroic, possessing strength

possessive suffix -vat added to vīrya (valor, strength)

Note: Qualifies Nakula.