महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-23, verse-61

यथा वनान्ते वनपैर्विसृष्टः कक्षं दहेत्कृष्णगतिः सघोषः ।
भूरिद्रुमं शुष्कलतावितानं भृशं समृद्धो ज्वलनः प्रतापी ॥६१॥

61. yathā vanānte vanapairvisṛṣṭaḥ; kakṣaṁ dahetkṛṣṇagatiḥ saghoṣaḥ ,
bhūridrumaṁ śuṣkalatāvitānaṁ; bhṛśaṁ samṛddho jvalanaḥ pratāpī.

61. yathā vanānte vanapaiḥ visṛṣṭaḥ
kakṣam dahet kṛṣṇagatiḥ saghoṣaḥ
bhūridrumam śuṣkalatāvitānam
bhṛśam samṛddhaḥ jvalanaḥ pratāpī

61. yathā vanānte vanapaiḥ visṛṣṭaḥ
bhṛśam samṛddhaḥ pratāpī jvalanaḥ
saghoṣaḥ kṛṣṇagatiḥ bhūridrumam
śuṣkalatāvitānam kakṣam dahet

61. Just as a greatly thriving and powerful fire, released by forest dwellers at the edge of a forest, roaring and leaving a dark trail of smoke, would consume a dry forest abundant with trees and an expanse of dry creepers.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• वनान्ते (vanānte) - at the forest edge, in the forest, in a forest part

• वनपैः (vanapaiḥ) - by forest dwellers, by forest protectors

• विसृष्टः (visṛṣṭaḥ) - set forth (the fire) (released, abandoned, set forth)

• कक्षम् (kakṣam) - dry grass, dry wood, thicket

• दहेत् (dahet) - he/it would burn, he/it might burn

• कृष्णगतिः (kṛṣṇagatiḥ) - Referring to the smoke trail of fire. (having a dark path (smoke), swift-moving, having black flames)

• सघोषः (saghoṣaḥ) - roaring, noisy, with sound

• भूरिद्रुमम् (bhūridrumam) - having many trees, full of many trees

• शुष्कलतावितानम् (śuṣkalatāvitānam) - having an expanse of dry creepers

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

• समृद्धः (samṛddhaḥ) - thriving, prosperous, abundant, fully developed

• ज्वलनः (jvalanaḥ) - fire, a burner

• प्रतापी (pratāpī) - powerful, fierce, glorious

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

वनान्ते (vanānte) - at the forest edge, in the forest, in a forest part

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vanānta

vanānta - forest edge, interior of a forest

Compound of vana (forest) + anta (edge/end).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+anta)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, edge, proximity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Location.

वनपैः (vanapaiḥ) - by forest dwellers, by forest protectors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vanapa

vanapa - forest keeper, forester, forest dweller

Compound of vana (forest) + pa (protector/keeper).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+pa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• pa – guardian, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root पा (pā) 'to protect'.
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Agent of 'visṛṣṭaḥ'.

विसृष्टः (visṛṣṭaḥ) - set forth (the fire) (released, abandoned, set forth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visṛṣṭa

visṛṣṭa - released, discharged, created

Past Passive Participle

From root सृज् (sṛj) 'to let go, create' with prefix वि (vi).

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'jvalanaḥ'.

कक्षम् (kakṣam) - dry grass, dry wood, thicket

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kakṣa

kakṣa - dry grass, dry wood, thicket, forest

Note: Object of 'dahet'.

दहेत् (dahet) - he/it would burn, he/it might burn

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of √dah

Optative 3rd person singular of root दह् (dah).

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: The main verb in the simile clause.

कृष्णगतिः (kṛṣṇagatiḥ) - Referring to the smoke trail of fire. (having a dark path (smoke), swift-moving, having black flames)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇagati

kṛṣṇagati - having a dark path, swift in movement, having black flames (of fire)

Compound of kṛṣṇa (dark/black) + gati (path/movement).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+gati)

• kṛṣṇa – black, dark
  adjective (masculine)
• gati – path, movement, course
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jvalanaḥ'.

सघोषः (saghoṣaḥ) - roaring, noisy, with sound

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saghoṣa

saghoṣa - with noise, roaring, loud

Bahuvrīhi compound: स (sa) 'with' + घोष (ghoṣa) 'sound/roar'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ghoṣa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• ghoṣa – sound, roar, noise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jvalanaḥ'.

भूरिद्रुमम् (bhūridrumam) - having many trees, full of many trees

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūridruma

bhūridruma - rich in trees, having many trees

Compound of bhūri (many) + druma (tree).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhūri+druma)

• bhūri – many, abundant
  adjective (neuter)
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'kakṣam'.

शुष्कलतावितानम् (śuṣkalatāvitānam) - having an expanse of dry creepers

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śuṣkalatāvitāna

śuṣkalatāvitāna - an expanse of dry creepers

Compound of śuṣka (dry) + latā (creeper) + vitāna (expanse).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śuṣka+latā+vitāna)

• śuṣka – dry, withered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root शुष् (śuṣ) 'to dry'.
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• latā – creeper, vine
  noun (feminine)
• vitāna – expanse, spread, canopy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'kakṣam'.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

समृद्धः (samṛddhaḥ) - thriving, prosperous, abundant, fully developed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samṛddha

samṛddha - thriving, prosperous, accomplished, grown

Past Passive Participle

From root ऋध् (ṛdh) 'to thrive' with prefix सम् (sam).

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'jvalanaḥ'.

ज्वलनः (jvalanaḥ) - fire, a burner

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalana

jvalana - fire, burning, a burner

From root ज्वल् (jval) 'to burn'.

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'dahet' in the simile.

प्रतापी (pratāpī) - powerful, fierce, glorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpin

pratāpin - powerful, glorious, hot (like sun)

From prefix प्र (pra) + root तप् (tap) 'to heat, to torment'.

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jvalanaḥ'.