महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-23, verse-32

गुणतोऽभ्यधिकं ज्ञात्वा बलतः शौर्यतोऽपि वा ।
अमूढः को नु युध्येत जानन्प्राज्ञो हिताहितम् ॥३२॥

32. guṇato'bhyadhikaṁ jñātvā balataḥ śauryato'pi vā ,
amūḍhaḥ ko nu yudhyeta jānanprājño hitāhitam.

32. guṇataḥ abhyadhikam jñātvā balataḥ śauryataḥ api
vā amūḍhaḥ kaḥ nu yudhyeta jānan prājñaḥ hitāhitam

32. amūḍhaḥ prājñaḥ kaḥ nu guṇataḥ balataḥ śauryataḥ
api vā abhyadhikam jñātvā hitāhitam jānan yudhyeta

32. Who, being a wise and undeluded person, would indeed fight after realizing (another person to be) superior in qualities, strength, or even valor, especially when knowing what is beneficial and what is harmful?

Words meanings summery:

• गुणतः (guṇataḥ) - by qualities, by virtue, due to merit

• अभ्यधिकम् (abhyadhikam) - superior, greater, more numerous

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, after knowing, realizing

• बलतः (balataḥ) - by strength, by force, due to power

• शौर्यतः (śauryataḥ) - by valor, by heroism, due to bravery

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अमूढः (amūḍhaḥ) - not deluded, clear-headed, wise

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• नु (nu) - indeed, certainly, now, then

• युध्येत (yudhyeta) - would fight, should fight

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, while knowing

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent, knowing person

• हिताहितम् (hitāhitam) - what is beneficial and what is harmful, good and bad

Words meanings and morphology

गुणतः (guṇataḥ) - by qualities, by virtue, due to merit

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'guṇa' (quality, virtue) with the -tas suffix, indicating 'by means of' or 'due to'

अभ्यधिकम् (abhyadhikam) - superior, greater, more numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhyadhika

abhyadhika - superior, greater, more numerous, exceeding

Derived from root 'adh' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'adhi'

Prefixes: abhi+adhi

Root: adh (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage, or qualifying an implied object (e.g., 'another person')

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, after knowing, realizing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root jñā (to know) with the ktvā suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

बलतः (balataḥ) - by strength, by force, due to power

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'bala' (strength) with the -tas suffix

शौर्यतः (śauryataḥ) - by valor, by heroism, due to bravery

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'śaurya' (valor, heroism) with the -tas suffix

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अमूढः (amūḍhaḥ) - not deluded, clear-headed, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amūḍha

amūḍha - not deluded, clear-headed, wise, not confused

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mūḍha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• mūḍha – deluded, confused, foolish
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muh (to be confused, infatuated) with kta suffix
  Root: muh (class 4)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun

नु (nu) - indeed, certainly, now, then

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative or assertive particle

युध्येत (yudhyeta) - would fight, should fight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, while knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, perceiving, understanding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jñā (to know) with śatṛ suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent, knowing person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing person, discerning

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix pra and suffix aṇ

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

हिताहितम् (hitāhitam) - what is beneficial and what is harmful, good and bad

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hitāhita

hitāhita - what is beneficial and what is harmful, good and bad

Compound type : dvandva (hita+ahita)

• hita – beneficial, good, suitable, placed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā (to place, to put) with kta suffix (often signifying 'placed well', hence beneficial)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• ahita – harmful, not beneficial, bad, inimical
  adjective (neuter)
  Formed with negative prefix 'a-'