महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-23, verse-19

हते भीष्मे च संदध्याच्छिवं स्यादिह माधव ।
न च तत्कृतवान्मूढो धार्तराष्ट्रः सुबालिशः ॥१९॥

19. hate bhīṣme ca saṁdadhyācchivaṁ syādiha mādhava ,
na ca tatkṛtavānmūḍho dhārtarāṣṭraḥ subāliśaḥ.

19. hate bhīṣme ca saṃdadhyāt śivam syāt iha mādhava
na ca tat kṛtavān mūḍhaḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ subāliśaḥ

19. mādhava,
bhīṣme hate ca,
iha śivam syāt saṃdadhyāt.
ca mūḍhaḥ subāliśaḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ tat na kṛtavān.

19. O Madhava, even after Bhishma was slain, peace could have been established, and auspiciousness would have ensued here. But that foolish and utterly childish son of Dhritarashtra (Dhārtarāṣṭra) did not do that.

Words meanings summery:

• हते (hate) - when Bhishma was slain (when killed, when slain, when destroyed, having been killed)

• भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - in Bhishma, concerning Bhishma (Bhishma)

• च (ca) - even (and, also, even)

• संदध्यात् (saṁdadhyāt) - peace could have been established (one should make peace, one should reconcile, one should establish)

• शिवम् (śivam) - auspiciousness, welfare (auspiciousness, welfare, peace, good fortune)

• स्यात् (syāt) - would have ensued (might be, would be, should be)

• इह (iha) - here, in this situation (here, in this world, in this matter)

• माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (referring to Krishna) (Madhava (an epithet of Krishna), descendant of Madhu)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - but (and, also)

• तत् (tat) - that (peace/auspiciousness) (that, this)

• कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did (not do that) (he did, he made, he performed)

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish (foolish, deluded, stupid)

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - the son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana) (son of Dhritarashtra, pertaining to Dhritarashtra)

• सुबालिशः (subāliśaḥ) - utterly childish/foolish (very childish, extremely foolish, utterly naive)

Words meanings and morphology

हते (hate) - when Bhishma was slain (when killed, when slain, when destroyed, having been killed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, past

Past Passive Participle

derived from root han- (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - in Bhishma, concerning Bhishma (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a proper noun, meaning 'terrible', 'awe-inspiring')

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - even (and, also, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'hate bhīṣme' with the potential for peace.

संदध्यात् (saṁdadhyāt) - peace could have been established (one should make peace, one should reconcile, one should establish)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of saṃdhā

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

From root dhā- (to place, put) with prefix sam- (together)

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

शिवम् (śivam) - auspiciousness, welfare (auspiciousness, welfare, peace, good fortune)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent; welfare, auspiciousness

Note: Functions as the subject of 'syāt'.

स्यात् (syāt) - would have ensued (might be, would be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Optative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

From root as- (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

इह (iha) - here, in this situation (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava (referring to Krishna) (Madhava (an epithet of Krishna), descendant of Madhu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu; an epithet of Vishnu or Krishna; belonging to spring

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the action of 'kṛtavān'.

च (ca) - but (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Serves an adversative function here, 'but'.

तत् (tat) - that (peace/auspiciousness) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'śivam' (auspiciousness/peace).

कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - he did (not do that) (he did, he made, he performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - having done, having made, who did

Past Active Participle

Derived from root kṛ- (to do, make) with suffix -vat

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as the main verb here.

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish (foolish, deluded, stupid)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, stupid

Past Passive Participle

From root muh- (to be confused, deluded)

Root: muh (class 4)

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - the son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana) (son of Dhritarashtra, pertaining to Dhritarashtra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra; a descendant of Dhritarashtra

Taddhita derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Subject of 'kṛtavān'.

सुबालिशः (subāliśaḥ) - utterly childish/foolish (very childish, extremely foolish, utterly naive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of subāliśa

subāliśa - very childish, extremely foolish, utterly naive

Compound of su- (very) and bāliśa (childish, foolish)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+bāliśa)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• bāliśa – childish, foolish, ignorant, naive
  adjective (masculine)