महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-23, verse-40

तत्सर्वमद्य जानामि व्यवसायं दुरात्मनः ।
यदुक्तं वचनं तेन विदुरेण महात्मना ॥४०॥

40. tatsarvamadya jānāmi vyavasāyaṁ durātmanaḥ ,
yaduktaṁ vacanaṁ tena vidureṇa mahātmanā.

40. tat sarvam adya jānāmi vyavasāyam durātmanaḥ
yat uktam vacanam tena vidureṇa mahātmanā

40. adya tat sarvam durātmanaḥ vyavasāyam jānāmi
yat vacanam tena mahātmanā vidureṇa uktam

40. Today I understand the entire scheme of that wicked person, a scheme about which the great-souled (mahātman) Vidura had spoken.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - all that (which I now know) (that, all that)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire (scheme) (all, whole, entire)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I know, I understand

• व्यवसायम् (vyavasāyam) - scheme, plan, endeavor (undertaking, resolve, determination, scheme)

• दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - of Duryodhana (the wicked person) (of the wicked one, of the evil-souled one)

• यत् (yat) - (the scheme) which (which, what, that)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - was spoken (said, spoken)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• तेन (tena) - by that (Vidura) (by that, by him)

• विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Vidura, who is great-souled (by the great-souled one)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - all that (which I now know) (that, all that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Neuter singular nominative/accusative

सर्वम् (sarvam) - entire (scheme) (all, whole, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

Neuter singular nominative/accusative

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

जानामि (jānāmi) - I know, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present Indicative

First person singular present active, from root jñā (class 9)

Root: jñā (class 9)

व्यवसायम् (vyavasāyam) - scheme, plan, endeavor (undertaking, resolve, determination, scheme)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyavasāya

vyavasāya - determination, resolve, undertaking, endeavor, scheme

From vi + ava + sā

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sā (class 4)

दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - of Duryodhana (the wicked person) (of the wicked one, of the evil-souled one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - wicked, evil-minded, malevolent, an evil person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

यत् (yat) - (the scheme) which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Neuter singular nominative/accusative relative pronoun

उक्तम् (uktam) - was spoken (said, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -kta

Root: vac (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

तेन (tena) - by that (Vidura) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine singular instrumental of 'tad'

विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by Vidura, who is great-souled (by the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, a great person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)