महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-23, verse-13

ततो ज्यातलनिर्घोषः पुनरासीद्विशां पते ।
प्रादुरासीच्छराणां च सुमुक्तानां सुदारुणः ॥१३॥

13. tato jyātalanirghoṣaḥ punarāsīdviśāṁ pate ,
prādurāsīccharāṇāṁ ca sumuktānāṁ sudāruṇaḥ.

13. tataḥ jyātalanirghoṣaḥ punaḥ āsīt viśām pate
prāduḥ āsīt śarāṇām ca sumuktānām sudāruṇaḥ

13. tataḥ punaḥ viśām pate jyātalanirghoṣaḥ āsīt
ca sumuktānām śarāṇām sudāruṇaḥ prāduḥ āsīt

13. Then again, O lord of men, there was the loud sound of bowstrings, and also the exceedingly dreadful sound of arrows well-released.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, therefore, from that)

• ज्यातलनिर्घोषः (jyātalanirghoṣaḥ) - the sound of bowstrings (being twanged or released) (sound of bowstrings and palms (from releasing arrows))

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, furthermore)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was (was, existed, occurred)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects (in vocative phrase 'viśām pate') (of people, of subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

• प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - arose (as part of 'prāduḥ āsīt' which means 'arose') (manifest, visible, appearance)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - arose (as part of 'prāduḥ āsīt') (was, existed, occurred)

• शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

• च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

• सुमुक्तानाम् (sumuktānām) - of well-released, of well-shot

• सुदारुणः (sudāruṇaḥ) - very dreadful, terrible

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad with suffix -tas (ablative/time adverbial)

ज्यातलनिर्घोषः (jyātalanirghoṣaḥ) - the sound of bowstrings (being twanged or released) (sound of bowstrings and palms (from releasing arrows))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyātalanirghoṣa

jyātalanirghoṣa - sound of bowstrings and palms

Compound type : dvandva (jyā+tala+nirghoṣa)

• jyā – bowstring
  noun (feminine)
• tala – palm (of hand), surface
  noun (masculine)
• nirghoṣa – sound, roar, loud noise
  noun (masculine)
  From root ghuṣ (to sound) with prefix nir-
  Prefix: nir
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, furthermore)

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was (was, existed, occurred)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect past tense, third person singular, active voice. Root as

Root: as (class 2)

विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects (in vocative phrase 'viśām pate') (of people, of subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subjects

Note: Used as the first part of a compound vocative 'viśām pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Part of the vocative compound 'viśām pate'.

प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - arose (as part of 'prāduḥ āsīt' which means 'arose') (manifest, visible, appearance)

(indeclinable)

Often used with 'kṛ' or 'bhū' or 'as' to form verbs meaning 'to make manifest' or 'to become manifest'. Here it forms 'prāduḥ āsīt' (it arose).

Note: When followed by 'āsīt', it forms a compound verb meaning "appeared" or "arose".

आसीत् (āsīt) - arose (as part of 'prāduḥ āsīt') (was, existed, occurred)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect past tense, third person singular, active voice. Root as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used in conjunction with 'prāduḥ' to mean "arose" or "appeared".

शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṝ (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सुमुक्तानाम् (sumuktānām) - of well-released, of well-shot

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sumukta

sumukta - well-released, well-shot, properly discharged

Past Passive Participle

From root muc (to release) with prefix su- (well) and suffix -ta

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mukta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Adverbial prefix
• mukta – released, freed, discharged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muc (to release) with suffix -ta
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'śarāṇām'.

सुदारुणः (sudāruṇaḥ) - very dreadful, terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very dreadful, exceedingly fierce

Intensified form of 'dāruṇa' with prefix 'su-'

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Adverbial prefix
• dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with an implied 'sound' (ghoṣaḥ) or 'roar' (nādaḥ).