महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-23, verse-52

ते हयाः पाण्डुरा राजन्वहन्तोऽर्जुनमाहवे ।
दिक्षु सर्वास्वदृश्यन्त दाशार्हेण प्रचोदिताः ॥५२॥

52. te hayāḥ pāṇḍurā rājanvahanto'rjunamāhave ,
dikṣu sarvāsvadṛśyanta dāśārheṇa pracoditāḥ.

52. te hayāḥ pāṇḍurā rājan vahantaḥ arjunam āhave
dikṣu sarvāsu adṛśyanta dāśārheṇa pracoditāḥ

52. rājan,
dāśārheṇa pracoditāḥ te pāṇḍurāḥ hayāḥ āhave arjunam vahantaḥ sarvāsu dikṣu adṛśyanta

52. O king, those pale horses, carrying Arjuna in the battle, were seen in all directions, impelled by the Dāśārha (Krishna).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• पाण्डुरा (pāṇḍurā) - pale, white, whitish

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• वहन्तः (vahantaḥ) - carrying, bearing

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

• दिक्षु (dikṣu) - in directions, in quarters

• सर्वासु (sarvāsu) - in all

• अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

• दाशार्हेण (dāśārheṇa) - by Krishna, a descendant of Dāśārha (by the Dāśārha)

• प्रचोदिताः (pracoditāḥ) - urged, impelled, driven

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Qualifies 'hayāḥ'.

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)

पाण्डुरा (pāṇḍurā) - pale, white, whitish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍura

pāṇḍura - pale, whitish, yellowish-white

Note: Qualifies 'hayāḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Direct address, likely to Dhritarashtra.

वहन्तः (vahantaḥ) - carrying, bearing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vahant

vahant - carrying, bearing, conveying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vah (to carry, bear) with the śatṛ suffix.

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'hayāḥ'.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince); white, clear

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

दिक्षु (dikṣu) - in directions, in quarters

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

सर्वासु (sarvāsu) - in all

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'dikṣu'.

अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of adṛśyanta

Imperfect, Passive

Derived from root dṛś (to see) in the passive voice. Imperfect 3rd person plural passive.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दाशार्हेण (dāśārheṇa) - by Krishna, a descendant of Dāśārha (by the Dāśārha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - descendant of Dāśārha (a name of Krishna)

प्रचोदिताः (pracoditāḥ) - urged, impelled, driven

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pracodita

pracodita - urged, impelled, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root cud (to impel, to urge) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'hayāḥ'.