महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-23, verse-41

यो हि श्रुत्वा वचः पथ्यं जामदग्न्याद्यथातथम् ।
अवामन्यत दुर्बुद्धिर्ध्रुवं नाशमुखे स्थितः ॥४१॥

41. yo hi śrutvā vacaḥ pathyaṁ jāmadagnyādyathātatham ,
avāmanyata durbuddhirdhruvaṁ nāśamukhe sthitaḥ.

41. yaḥ hi śrutvā vacaḥ pathyam jāmadagnyāt yathātatham
avāmanyata durbuddhiḥ dhruvam nāśamukhe sthitaḥ

41. yaḥ durbuddhiḥ hi jāmadagnyāt yathātatham pathyam
vacaḥ śrutvā avāmanyata saḥ dhruvam nāśamukhe sthitaḥ

41. He who, being foolish, indeed disregarded the beneficial advice he heard truthfully from Jamadagni's son (Parashurama), is surely poised on the brink of ruin.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - refers to Duryodhana (who, he who)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचः (vacaḥ) - beneficial advice (word, speech, advice)

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial (advice) (wholesome, beneficial, salutary)

• जामदग्न्यात् (jāmadagnyāt) - from Parashurama (from Jamadagni's son (Parashurama))

• यथातथम् (yathātatham) - accurately, truly, exactly as it is

• अवामन्यत (avāmanyata) - he disregarded, disrespected, slighted

• दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - refers to Duryodhana (foolish, ill-minded, wicked-minded)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• नाशमुखे (nāśamukhe) - at the mouth of destruction, on the verge of ruin

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - poised, standing (at the mouth of destruction) (standing, situated, being)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - refers to Duryodhana (who, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Masculine singular nominative relative pronoun

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

वचः (vacaḥ) - beneficial advice (word, speech, advice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, advice

Neuter singular accusative

Root: vac (class 2)

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial (advice) (wholesome, beneficial, salutary)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - wholesome, suitable, beneficial, salutary, fit for the path

Neuter singular accusative, agreeing with vacaḥ

Root: path

जामदग्न्यात् (jāmadagnyāt) - from Parashurama (from Jamadagni's son (Parashurama))

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of jāmadagnya

jāmadagnya - son of Jamadagni (Parashurama)

A patronymic derived from Jamadagni

यथातथम् (yathātatham) - accurately, truly, exactly as it is

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tathā)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• tathā – so, thus, in that manner
  indeclinable

अवामन्यत (avāmanyata) - he disregarded, disrespected, slighted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of ava + man

Imperfect

Third person singular imperfect middle, from root man (class 4) with upasarga ava

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

दुर्बुद्धिः (durbuddhiḥ) - refers to Duryodhana (foolish, ill-minded, wicked-minded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbuddhi

durbuddhi - foolish, ill-minded, wicked-minded, bad intellect

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+buddhi)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, reason
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root budh (to know)
  Root: budh (class 1)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage of dhruva (neuter singular accusative)

नाशमुखे (nāśamukhe) - at the mouth of destruction, on the verge of ruin

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nāśamukha

nāśamukha - mouth of destruction, entrance to ruin

Locative singular

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāśa+mukha)

• nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From root naś (to perish)
  Root: naś (class 4)
• mukha – mouth, face, opening, beginning
  noun (neuter)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - poised, standing (at the mouth of destruction) (standing, situated, being)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with suffix -kta

Root: sthā (class 1)