महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-61

ततः शरैर्हेमपुङ्खैः सगदं रथिनां वरम् ।
छादयामास समरे मेघः सूर्यमिवोदितम् ॥६१॥

61. tataḥ śarairhemapuṅkhaiḥ sagadaṁ rathināṁ varam ,
chādayāmāsa samare meghaḥ sūryamivoditam.

61. tataḥ śaraiḥ hemapuṅkhaiḥ sagadam rathinām varam
chādayāmāsa samare meghaḥ sūryam iva uditam

61. tataḥ hemapuṅkhaiḥ śaraiḥ sagadam rathinām varam
samare meghaḥ uditam sūryam iva chādayāmāsa

61. Then, with arrows featuring golden shafts, he covered the best of charioteers (Ambaṣṭha), who wielded a mace, in battle, just as a cloud covers the risen sun.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• हेमपुङ्खैः (hemapuṅkhaiḥ) - by those with golden shafts/feathers

• सगदम् (sagadam) - with his mace, holding a mace

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• वरम् (varam) - the best (charioteer), referring to Ambaṣṭha (the best, excellent one, boon)

• छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - he covered, he veiled

• समरे (samare) - in battle, on the battlefield

• मेघः (meghaḥ) - cloud

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उदितम् (uditam) - risen, appeared

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Used as the instrument of covering.

हेमपुङ्खैः (hemapuṅkhaiḥ) - by those with golden shafts/feathers

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hemapuṅkha

hemapuṅkha - having golden shafts/feathers (for arrows)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (heman+puṅkha)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – feather/shaft of an arrow
  noun (masculine)

सगदम् (sagadam) - with his mace, holding a mace

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sagada

sagada - accompanied by a mace, holding a mace

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+gadā)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

derived from 'ratha' (chariot) with suffix -in

Root: rath

Note: Part of the compound 'rathinām varam' (best of charioteers).

वरम् (varam) - the best (charioteer), referring to Ambaṣṭha (the best, excellent one, boon)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, bridegroom

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Object of 'chādayāmāsa'.

छादयामास (chādayāmāsa) - he covered, he veiled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chādayāmāsa

Perfect tense

Intensive (causative) form of √chad (to cover), formed with auxiliary 'āmāsa'

Root: chad (class 10)

समरे (samare) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the place of action.

मेघः (meghaḥ) - cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud, rain-cloud

from root √mih (to sprinkle)

Root: mih (class 1)

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun-god

Root: sū

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उदितम् (uditam) - risen, appeared

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udita

udita - risen, appeared, said

Past Passive Participle

from root √i (to go) with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)