महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-47

पत्त्यश्वरथनागैश्च प्रच्छन्नकृतसंक्रमाम् ।
शरवर्षप्लवां घोरां केशशैवलशाड्वलाम् ।
प्रावर्तयन्नदीमुग्रां शोणितौघतरङ्गिणीम् ॥४७॥

47. pattyaśvarathanāgaiśca pracchannakṛtasaṁkramām ,
śaravarṣaplavāṁ ghorāṁ keśaśaivalaśāḍvalām ,
prāvartayannadīmugrāṁ śoṇitaughataraṅgiṇīm.

47. patti-aśva-ratha-nāgaiḥ ca
pracchanna-kṛta-saṅkrāmām śara-varṣa-plavām
ghorām keśa-śaivala-śāḍvalām prāvartayan
nadīm ugrām śoṇita-ogha-taraṅgiṇīm

47. ca patti-aśva-ratha-nāgaiḥ
pracchanna-kṛta-saṅkrāmām śara-varṣa-plavām
ghorām keśa-śaivala-śāḍvalām ugrām
śoṇita-ogha-taraṅgiṇīm nadīm prāvartayan

47. They caused to flow a fierce and terrible river (nadī), whose passage was obstructed by foot-soldiers, horses, chariots, and elephants. Its turbulent waters were like showers of arrows, its moss and grass were matted hair, and its waves were torrents of blood.

Words meanings summery:

• पत्ति-अश्व-रथ-नागैः (patti-aśva-ratha-nāgaiḥ) - by foot-soldiers, horses, chariots, and elephants

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रच्छन्न-कृत-सङ्क्रामाम् (pracchanna-kṛta-saṅkrāmām) - whose crossing was concealed/covered

• शर-वर्ष-प्लवाम् (śara-varṣa-plavām) - whose floods were showers of arrows

• घोराम् (ghorām) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• केश-शैवल-शाड्वलाम् (keśa-śaivala-śāḍvalām) - whose moss and grass were hair

• प्रावर्तयन् (prāvartayan) - they caused to flow, they set in motion

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• उग्राम् (ugrām) - fierce, terrible, dreadful

• शोणित-ओघ-तरङ्गिणीम् (śoṇita-ogha-taraṅgiṇīm) - whose waves were torrents of blood

Words meanings and morphology

पत्ति-अश्व-रथ-नागैः (patti-aśva-ratha-nāgaiḥ) - by foot-soldiers, horses, chariots, and elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pattyaśvarathanāga

pattyaśvarathanāga - foot-soldiers, horses, chariots, and elephants (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (patti+aśva+ratha+nāga)

• patti – foot-soldier, infantry
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रच्छन्न-कृत-सङ्क्रामाम् (pracchanna-kṛta-saṅkrāmām) - whose crossing was concealed/covered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pracchannakṛtasaṅkrāmā

pracchannakṛtasaṅkrāmā - having a covered/hidden crossing

Bahuvrihi compound: pracchanna (covered) + kṛta (made) + saṅkrāmā (crossing).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pracchanna+kṛta+saṅkrāmā)

• pracchanna – covered, concealed, hidden
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root chad (to cover) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: chad (class 1)
• kṛta – made, done, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• saṅkrāmā – crossing, passing over
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kram (class 1)

शर-वर्ष-प्लवाम् (śara-varṣa-plavām) - whose floods were showers of arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śaravarṣaplavā

śaravarṣaplavā - whose flood is a shower of arrows

Bahuvrihi compound: śaravarṣa (shower of arrows) + plavā (flood).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śaravarṣa+plavā)

• śaravarṣa – shower of arrows
  noun (neuter)
• plavā – flood, wave, current
  noun (feminine)
  Root: plu (class 1)

घोराम् (ghorām) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ghorā

ghorā - terrible, fierce, dreadful, fearful

केश-शैवल-शाड्वलाम् (keśa-śaivala-śāḍvalām) - whose moss and grass were hair

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of keśaśaivalaśāḍvalā

keśaśaivalaśāḍvalā - whose moss and grass are hair

Bahuvrihi compound: keśa (hair) + śaivala (moss) + śāḍvalā (grass). (Hair being compared to moss and grass)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (keśa+śaivala+śāḍvalā)

• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
• śaivala – moss, aquatic plant, algae
  noun (neuter)
• śāḍvalā – grassy, verdant, grassy ground
  noun (feminine)

प्रावर्तयन् (prāvartayan) - they caused to flow, they set in motion

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pravart

Causative Imperfect

Derived from root vṛt (to turn) with prefix pra- (forth), in the causative stem (vartay), imperfect 3rd person plural active.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

उग्राम् (ugrām) - fierce, terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ugrā

ugrā - fierce, terrible, dreadful, mighty

शोणित-ओघ-तरङ्गिणीम् (śoṇita-ogha-taraṅgiṇīm) - whose waves were torrents of blood

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śoṇitaughataraṅgiṇī

śoṇitaughataraṅgiṇī - whose waves are torrents of blood

Bahuvrihi compound: śoṇita (blood) + ogha (torrent) + taraṅgiṇī (having waves).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śoṇita+ogha+taraṅgiṇī)

• śoṇita – blood, red
  noun (neuter)
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude
  noun (masculine)
• taraṅgiṇī – having waves, a river (lit. 'having waves')
  noun (feminine)