महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
हते सुदक्षिणे राजन्वीरे चैव श्रुतायुधे ।
जवेनाभ्यद्रवन्पार्थं कुपिताः सैनिकास्तव ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
hate sudakṣiṇe rājanvīre caiva śrutāyudhe ,
javenābhyadravanpārthaṁ kupitāḥ sainikāstava.

1. saṃjaya uvāca hate sudakṣiṇe rājan vīre ca eva śrutāyudhe
javena abhyadravan pārtham kupitāḥ sainikāḥ tava

1. saṃjaya uvāca rājan sudakṣiṇe vīre śrutāyudhe ca eva
hate tava kupitāḥ sainikāḥ javena pārtham abhyadravan

1. Saṃjaya said: "O King, when the heroic Sudakṣiṇa and Śrutāyudha were slain, your enraged soldiers swiftly attacked Pārtha (Arjuna)."

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (the charioteer and narrator) (Saṃjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he (Saṃjaya) said (he said, he spoke)

• हते (hate) - when slain (referring to Sudakṣiṇa and Śrutāyudha) (slain, killed, destroyed (locative absolute))

• सुदक्षिणे (sudakṣiṇe) - in/when Sudakṣiṇa (was slain) (in Sudakṣiṇa, when Sudakṣiṇa)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

• वीरे (vīre) - in/when the heroic (Sudakṣiṇa) (in the hero, when the hero)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also (emphasizing both were slain) (indeed, just, only, also)

• श्रुतायुधे (śrutāyudhe) - in/when Śrutāyudha (was slain) (in Śrutāyudha, when Śrutāyudha)

• जवेन (javena) - swiftly (indicating the speed of the attack) (with speed, swiftly, quickly)

• अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - they (soldiers) attacked (they attacked, they rushed towards)

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (Pārtha, Arjuna)

• कुपिताः (kupitāḥ) - enraged (describing the soldiers) (enraged, angry, furious)

• सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (soldiers, troops)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of you, your)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (the charioteer and narrator) (Saṃjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer); victory, conquest

Compound: sam (with/complete) + jaya (victory).

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he (Saṃjaya) said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, parasmaipada.

Root: vac (class 2)

हते (hate) - when slain (referring to Sudakṣiṇa and Śrutāyudha) (slain, killed, destroyed (locative absolute))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, indicating "when X was slain".

सुदक्षिणे (sudakṣiṇe) - in/when Sudakṣiṇa (was slain) (in Sudakṣiṇa, when Sudakṣiṇa)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sudakṣiṇa

sudakṣiṇa - Sudakṣiṇa (name of the king of Kamboja); very skillful, very able, dexterous

Compound: su (good/well) + dakṣiṇa (right/skillful).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (su+dakṣiṇa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• dakṣiṇa – right (direction), south, skillful, clever
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

वीरे (vīre) - in/when the heroic (Sudakṣiṇa) (in the hero, when the hero)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Agrees with sudakṣiṇe, part of the locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - also (emphasizing both were slain) (indeed, just, only, also)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

श्रुतायुधे (śrutāyudhe) - in/when Śrutāyudha (was slain) (in Śrutāyudha, when Śrutāyudha)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śrutāyudha

śrutāyudha - Śrutāyudha (a warrior, son of Varuṇa)

Compound: śruta (heard/famous) + āyudha (weapon). 'Whose weapon is famous.'

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (śruta+āyudha)

• śruta – heard, famous, known
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śru (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 5)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction, along with Sudakṣiṇa.

जवेन (javena) - swiftly (indicating the speed of the attack) (with speed, swiftly, quickly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, velocity

From root ju (to be quick, run).

Root: ju (class 1)

अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - they (soldiers) attacked (they attacked, they rushed towards)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-drava

Imperfect tense, parasmaipada.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (Pārtha, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ suffix.

Note: Object of 'abhyadravan'.

कुपिताः (kupitāḥ) - enraged (describing the soldiers) (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kupita

kupita - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kup (to be angry).

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'sainikāḥ'.

सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (soldiers, troops)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - a soldier, a warrior

Derived from senā (army) + ika suffix.

Note: Subject of 'abhyadravan'.

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.