महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-21

प्रादुश्चक्रे ततः पार्थः शाक्रमस्त्रं महारथः ।
तस्मादासन्सहस्राणि शराणां नतपर्वणाम् ॥२१॥

21. prāduścakre tataḥ pārthaḥ śākramastraṁ mahārathaḥ ,
tasmādāsansahasrāṇi śarāṇāṁ nataparvaṇām.

21. prāduḥ cakre tataḥ pārthaḥ śākram astram mahārathaḥ
tasmāt āsan sahasrāṇi śarāṇām nataparvaṇām

21. tataḥ mahārathaḥ pārthaḥ śākram astram prāduḥ
cakre tasmāt sahasrāṇi nataparvaṇām śarāṇām āsan

21. Then, Partha, the great warrior, manifested Indra's weapon. From it came thousands of swift-flying arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - manifested, appeared (in compound with `cakre`)

• चक्रे (cakre) - he manifested (with `prāduḥ`) (he made, he did, he performed)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

• शाक्रम् (śākram) - Indra's (belonging to Śakra (Indra), Indra's)

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand chariots

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (weapon) (from that, therefore)

• आसन् (āsan) - came forth, were produced (they were, they existed)

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

• शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

• नतपर्वणाम् (nataparvaṇām) - of swift-flying arrows (of those with bent joints/knots, of swift-flying ones)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - manifested, appeared (in compound with `cakre`)

(indeclinable)

Often used with `kṛ` verbs (karoti, cakre) to mean 'to make manifest'.

चक्रे (cakre) - he manifested (with `prāduḥ`) (he made, he did, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect tense, Atmanepada

3rd person singular perfect middle voice of root `kṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun `tad` + suffix `-tas`.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma

patronymic

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti) + suffix `-a`.

Note: Subject of `cakre`.

शाक्रम् (śākram) - Indra's (belonging to Śakra (Indra), Indra's)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śākra

śākra - relating to Śakra (Indra), Indra's

From Śakra (name of Indra) + suffix `-a`.

Note: Adjective modifying `astram`.

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, projectile

From root `as` (to throw) + suffix `-tra`.

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of `cakre`.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, one who fights from a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that (weapon) (from that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आसन् (āsan) - came forth, were produced (they were, they existed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada

3rd person plural imperfect of root `as`.

Root: as (class 2)

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

Note: Subject of `āsan`.

शराणाम् (śarāṇām) - of arrows

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `sahasrāṇi`.

नतपर्वणाम् (nataparvaṇām) - of swift-flying arrows (of those with bent joints/knots, of swift-flying ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nataparvan

nataparvan - having bent joints (of an arrow, implying swiftness or straightness), with straight knots

Compound. `nata` (bent) + `parvan` (joint, knot).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nata+parvan)

• nata – bent, bowed, humbled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `nam` (to bend, bow).
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot, section, festival
  noun (neuter)