महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-12

सोऽतिविद्धो बलवता शत्रुणा शत्रुकर्शनः ।
आजगाम परं मोहं मोहयन्केशवं रणे ॥१२॥

12. so'tividdho balavatā śatruṇā śatrukarśanaḥ ,
ājagāma paraṁ mohaṁ mohayankeśavaṁ raṇe.

12. saḥ atividdhaḥ balavatā śatruṇā śatrukārśanaḥ
ājagāma param moham mohayan keśavam raṇe

12. śatrukārśanaḥ saḥ balavatā śatruṇā atividdhaḥ
raṇe keśavam mohayan param moham ājagāma

12. Deeply wounded by the powerful enemy, that tormentor of foes (Arjuna) fell into an extreme state of bewilderment (moha) in battle, bewildering Keshava (Krishna).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - deeply wounded, severely pierced

• बलवता (balavatā) - by the powerful, by the strong one

• शत्रुणा (śatruṇā) - by the enemy

• शत्रुकार्शनः (śatrukārśanaḥ) - Arjuna (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - fell into (a state) (attained, came, went)

• परम् (param) - extreme (supreme, excellent, extreme)

• मोहम् (moham) - unconsciousness, bewilderment (delusion, unconsciousness, bewilderment)

• मोहयन्त् (mohayant) - causing to be bewildered (bewildering, causing to faint)

• केशवम् (keśavam) - Lord Krishna (Keshava)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - deeply wounded, severely pierced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atividdha

atividdha - deeply pierced, severely wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vyadh' (to pierce) with prefix 'ati' (very, exceedingly)

Prefix: ati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Acts as an adjective qualifying 'śatrukārśanaḥ' (Arjuna).

बलवता (balavatā) - by the powerful, by the strong one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty

Possessive suffix -vat

Note: Qualifies 'śatruṇā'.

शत्रुणा (śatruṇā) - by the enemy

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

शत्रुकार्शनः (śatrukārśanaḥ) - Arjuna (tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrukārśana

śatrukārśana - tormentor/subduer of enemies

Compound noun: śatru (enemy) + kārśana (causing emaciation/weakening)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+kārśana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• kārśana – causing emaciation/weakening, subduer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from causal form
  From root kṛś (to be lean) in causal, -ana suffix
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

आजगाम (ājagāma) - fell into (a state) (attained, came, went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of gam

Perfect Tense (Lit)

Perfect form of root gam with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

परम् (param) - extreme (supreme, excellent, extreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, extreme

Note: Qualifies 'moham'.

मोहम् (moham) - unconsciousness, bewilderment (delusion, unconsciousness, bewilderment)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, illusion, bewilderment, unconsciousness, infatuation

From root muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'ājagāma'.

मोहयन्त् (mohayant) - causing to be bewildered (bewildering, causing to faint)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mohayat

mohayat - bewildering, causing to faint, deluding

Present Active Participle (Causal)

From the causal of root muh (to be bewildered) + śatṛ suffix

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śatrukārśanaḥ' (Arjuna), indicating a simultaneous action.

केशवम् (keśavam) - Lord Krishna (Keshava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keshava (a name of Vishnu/Krishna), one with long hair

Note: Object of 'mohayant'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict