महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-5

तेषामापततां तूर्णं गाण्डीवप्रेषितैः शरैः ।
शिरांसि पातयामास बाहूंश्चैव धनंजयः ॥५॥

5. teṣāmāpatatāṁ tūrṇaṁ gāṇḍīvapreṣitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
śirāṁsi pātayāmāsa bāhūṁścaiva dhanaṁjayaḥ.

5. teṣām āpatatām tūrṇam gāṇḍīvapreṣitaiḥ śaraiḥ
śirāṃsi pātayāmāsa bāhūn ca eva dhanaṃjayaḥ

5. dhanaṃjayaḥ gāṇḍīvapreṣitaiḥ śaraiḥ tūrṇam
āpatatām teṣām śirāṃsi bāhūn ca eva pātayāmāsa

5. Dhananjaya (Arjuna), with arrows shot from his Gandiva bow, swiftly cut off the heads and arms of those who were rushing towards him.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those enemies (of them, those)

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those rushing, of those falling upon

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

• गाण्डीवप्रेषितैः (gāṇḍīvapreṣitaiḥ) - by arrows released from Arjuna's Gandiva bow (by those sent by Gandiva, by arrows shot from Gandiva)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he cut off

• बाहून् (bāhūn) - arms

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna, a title meaning 'conqueror of wealth' (Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those enemies (of them, those)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those rushing, of those falling upon

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - rushing, falling upon

present active participle

Present active participle of the root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'teṣām'

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of the adjective 'tūrṇa'.

गाण्डीवप्रेषितैः (gāṇḍīvapreṣitaiḥ) - by arrows released from Arjuna's Gandiva bow (by those sent by Gandiva, by arrows shot from Gandiva)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gāṇḍīvapreṣita

gāṇḍīvapreṣita - sent by Gandiva

Compound word, functioning as an adjective or noun.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāṇḍīva+preṣita)

• gāṇḍīva – name of Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• preṣita – sent, dispatched
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root 'iṣ' (to send) with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to the arrows (śaraiḥ)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he caused to fall, he cut off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pātayāmāsa

periphrastic perfect (causative)

Periphrastic perfect of the causative form 'pātayati' (to cause to fall) from root 'pat'.

Root: pat (class 1)

बाहून् (bāhūn) - arms

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāhu

bāhu - arm

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna, a title meaning 'conqueror of wealth' (Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, a name of Arjuna

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – conquest, victory, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ji' (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)