महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-31

अङ्गास्तु गजवारेण पाण्डवं पर्यवारयन् ।
क्रुद्धाः सहस्रशो राजञ्शिक्षिता हस्तिसादिनः ॥३१॥

31. aṅgāstu gajavāreṇa pāṇḍavaṁ paryavārayan ,
kruddhāḥ sahasraśo rājañśikṣitā hastisādinaḥ.

31. aṅgāḥ tu gajavāreṇa pāṇḍavam paryavārayan
kruddhāḥ sahasraśaḥ rājan śikṣitāḥ hastisādinaḥ

31. rājan tu aṅgāḥ sahasraśaḥ kruddhāḥ śikṣitāḥ
hastisādinaḥ gajavāreṇa pāṇḍavam paryavārayan

31. But, O King, the Angas and thousands of enraged, skilled elephant-riders surrounded the Pandava (Arjuna) with a multitude of elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• अङ्गाः (aṅgāḥ) - the Angas (people of Anga kingdom)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• गजवारेण (gajavāreṇa) - with a multitude of elephants, with an elephant force

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pandava (Arjuna)

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded

• क्रुद्धाः (kruddhāḥ) - enraged, angry

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• शिक्षिताः (śikṣitāḥ) - trained, skilled

• हस्तिसादिनः (hastisādinaḥ) - elephant-riders

Words meanings and morphology

अङ्गाः (aṅgāḥ) - the Angas (people of Anga kingdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aṅga

aṅga - limb, body part; the country of Anga or its people

Note: One of the subjects of 'paryavārayan'.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

गजवारेण (gajavāreṇa) - with a multitude of elephants, with an elephant force

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gajavāra

gajavāra - multitude of elephants, elephant army, elephant division

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+vāra)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• vāra – multitude, collection, mass; turn, occasion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of the action of surrounding.

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pandava (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu; a Pandava prince (e.g., Arjuna)

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Object of 'paryavārayan'.

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pari + ava + vṛ

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

3rd person plural active, from root vṛ (class 5/9) with prefixes pari and ava.

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: The action of the Angas and elephant-riders.

क्रुद्धाः (kruddhāḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'hastisādinaḥ'.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from sahasra (thousand) + -śaḥ suffix.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शिक्षिताः (śikṣitāḥ) - trained, skilled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śikṣita

śikṣita - taught, trained, learned, skilled

Past Passive Participle

From root śikṣ (to learn, to teach).

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hastisādinaḥ'.

हस्तिसादिनः (hastisādinaḥ) - elephant-riders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hastisādin

hastisādin - elephant-rider, mahout

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hastin+sādin)

• hastin – elephant (lit. 'having a hand/trunk')
  noun (masculine)
• sādin – rider, charioteer; one who goes, sits
  noun (masculine)
  From root sad (to sit) + -in suffix.
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of 'paryavārayan'.