महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-13

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु सोऽच्युतायुर्महारथः ।
शूलेन भृशतीक्ष्णेन ताडयामास पाण्डवम् ॥१३॥

13. etasminneva kāle tu so'cyutāyurmahārathaḥ ,
śūlena bhṛśatīkṣṇena tāḍayāmāsa pāṇḍavam.

13. etasmin eva kāle tu saḥ acyutāyuḥ mahārathaḥ
śūlena bhṛśatīkṣṇena tāḍayāmāsa pāṇḍavam

13. tu etasmin eva kāle saḥ acyutāyuḥ mahārathaḥ
bhṛśatīkṣṇena śūlena pāṇḍavam tāḍayāmāsa

13. At that very moment, however, that great warrior (mahāratha), whose life was unfailing (acyutāyu), struck the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) with a very sharp spear.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in that (specific) (in this, in that)

• एव (eva) - very (emphasizing 'kāle') (indeed, only, very, just)

• काले (kāle) - at that moment/time (in time, at the time)

• तु (tu) - however (but, on the other hand, however)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīṣma) (he, that)

• अच्युतायुः (acyutāyuḥ) - one whose life is unfailing (referring to Bhīṣma's boon of controlling his death) (of unfailing life, whose weapon is unfailing)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior (Bhīṣma) (great warrior, one who can fight a large number of warriors)

• शूलेन (śūlena) - with a spear, dart

• भृशतीक्ष्णेन (bhṛśatīkṣṇena) - very sharp, exceedingly keen

• ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - struck, hit

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna (the son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in that (specific) (in this, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Qualifies 'kāle'.

एव (eva) - very (emphasizing 'kāle') (indeed, only, very, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

काले (kāle) - at that moment/time (in time, at the time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

तु (tu) - however (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects phrases, indicating a slight shift or emphasis.

सः (saḥ) - he (Bhīṣma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the subject of the action, implied to be Bhīṣma from the larger narrative.

अच्युतायुः (acyutāyuḥ) - one whose life is unfailing (referring to Bhīṣma's boon of controlling his death) (of unfailing life, whose weapon is unfailing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acyutāyu

acyutāyu - of unfailing life, whose weapon is unfailing, unswerving in life

Compound: a-cyuta (un-fallen) + āyu (life)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (acyuta+āyu)

• acyuta – unfallen, imperishable, firm
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negated 'cyuta' (fallen), from root cyu (to move, fall)
  Prefix: a
  Root: cyu (class 1)
• āyu – life, vital force, duration of life
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'mahārathaḥ'.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior (Bhīṣma) (great warrior, one who can fight a large number of warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, commander of many chariots

Compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot/warrior)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (in a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.

शूलेन (śūlena) - with a spear, dart

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śūla

śūla - spear, pike, dart, stake

Note: Instrument of striking.

भृशतीक्ष्णेन (bhṛśatīkṣṇena) - very sharp, exceedingly keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhṛśatīkṣṇa

bhṛśatīkṣṇa - very sharp, exceedingly keen/fierce

Compound: bhṛśa (very, exceedingly) + tīkṣṇa (sharp)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhṛśa+tīkṣṇa)

• bhṛśa – very, exceedingly, much
  indeclinable
• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, pungent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śūlena'.

ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of tāḍ

Perfect Tense (Lit)

Perfect form of causal root tāḍ (from taḍ)

Root: taḍ (class 1)

Note: Denominative from 'tāḍa' or causal of 'taḍ'.

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna (the son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Derived from Pāṇḍu (name of king)

Note: Object of 'tāḍayāmāsa'.