महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-35

बाहवो विशिखैश्छिन्नाः शिरांस्युन्मथितानि च ।
च्यवमानान्यदृश्यन्त द्रुमेभ्य इव पक्षिणः ॥३५॥

35. bāhavo viśikhaiśchinnāḥ śirāṁsyunmathitāni ca ,
cyavamānānyadṛśyanta drumebhya iva pakṣiṇaḥ.

35. bāhavaḥ viśikhaiḥ chinnāḥ śirāṃsi unmathitāni ca
cyavamānāni adṛśyanta drūmebhyaḥ iva pakṣiṇaḥ

35. bāhavaḥ viśikhaiḥ chinnāḥ ca śirāṃsi unmathitāni
cyavamānāni drūmebhyaḥ pakṣiṇaḥ iva adṛśyanta

35. The arms were severed by arrows, and the heads were crushed. They were seen falling down like birds from trees.

Words meanings summery:

• बाहवः (bāhavaḥ) - arms

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows

• छिन्नाः (chinnāḥ) - cut, severed

• शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

• उन्मथितानि (unmathitāni) - crushed, churned, smashed

• च (ca) - and

• च्यवमानानि (cyavamānāni) - falling, falling down, dropping

• अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - were seen

• द्रूमेभ्यः (drūmebhyaḥ) - from trees

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

Words meanings and morphology

बाहवः (bāhavaḥ) - arms

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāhu

bāhu - arm, fore-arm

Note: Subject.

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow (literally 'without a tuft/crest', referring to the featherless head of an arrow, or simply 'point, head')

Compound of 'vi' (without) and 'śikha' (tuft, crest).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+śikha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation.
• śikha – tuft, crest, point
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of cutting.

छिन्नाः (chinnāḥ) - cut, severed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of chinna

chinna - cut, severed, torn

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root chid (to cut).

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with bāhavaḥ.

शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head

Note: Subject.

उन्मथितानि (unmathitāni) - crushed, churned, smashed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of unmathita

unmathita - crushed, churned, overthrown, smashed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ud-math (to churn, crush).

Prefix: ud

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śirāṃsi.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two main clauses.

च्यवमानानि (cyavamānāni) - falling, falling down, dropping

(adjective)

neuter, plural of cyavamāna

cyavamāna - falling, dropping, moving

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root cyu (to move, fall), middle voice (śānac).

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Primarily agrees with śirāṃsi, or generally describes the falling body parts.

अदृश्यन्त (adṛśyanta) - were seen

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect tense, passive voice

3rd person plural, Imperfect tense, passive voice.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The subjects are the severed arms and crushed heads.

द्रूमेभ्यः (drūmebhyaḥ) - from trees

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of drūma

drūma - tree

Root: dru

Note: Source of falling for the comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

Note: Introduces a simile.

पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird (literally 'having wings')

Derived from pakṣa (wing) + -in.

Note: Subject of the comparison iva.