महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-8

तस्य हस्तस्थिता शक्तिः कालरात्रिरिवोद्यता ।
दैवोपहतबुद्धित्वान्न तां कर्णो विमुक्तवान् ॥८॥

8. tasya hastasthitā śaktiḥ kālarātririvodyatā ,
daivopahatabuddhitvānna tāṁ karṇo vimuktavān.

8. tasya hastasthitā śaktiḥ kālarātriḥ iva udyatā
daivopahatabuddhitvāt na tām karṇaḥ vimuktavān

8. tasya hastasthitā kālarātriḥ iva udyatā śaktiḥ,
karṇaḥ daivopahatabuddhitvāt tām na vimuktavān

8. His weapon (śakti), which was held in his hand, ready like the night of destruction (kālarātri), Karṇa did not discharge, because his intellect (buddhi) was afflicted by destiny (daivam).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• हस्तस्थिता (hastasthitā) - situated in the hand, held in the hand

• शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - power, strength, energy, weapon (śakti)

• कालरात्रिः (kālarātriḥ) - the night of destruction, a fierce form of Durgā

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उद्यता (udyatā) - raised, prepared, ready

• दैवोपहतबुद्धित्वात् (daivopahatabuddhitvāt) - due to his intellect being afflicted by destiny (daivam)

• न (na) - not

• ताम् (tām) - her, that (referring to śakti)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (a proper name)

• विमुक्तवान् (vimuktavān) - he released, he discharged

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हस्तस्थिता (hastasthitā) - situated in the hand, held in the hand

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hastasthita

hastasthita - situated in the hand

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hasta+sthita)

• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)
• sthita – stood, situated, placed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: sthā (class 1)

शक्तिः (śaktiḥ) - power, strength, energy, weapon (śakti)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, ability; divine energy; a spear or dart (weapon)

कालरात्रिः (kālarātriḥ) - the night of destruction, a fierce form of Durgā

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kālarātri

kālarātri - the night of universal destruction, a name of the goddess Durgā/Kālī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+rātri)

• kāla – time, death, black
  noun (masculine)
• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उद्यता (udyatā) - raised, prepared, ready

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udyata

udyata - raised, prepared, ready, active

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam with upasarga ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

दैवोपहतबुद्धित्वात् (daivopahatabuddhitvāt) - due to his intellect being afflicted by destiny (daivam)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of daivopahatabuddhitva

daivopahatabuddhitva - the state of having one's intellect afflicted by destiny

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+upahata+buddhi+tva)

• daiva – divine, relating to destiny
  adjective (neuter)
• upahata – struck, afflicted, injured
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding
  noun (feminine)
• tva – suffix denoting state or quality, -ness, -hood
  suffix

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - her, that (referring to śakti)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; Karṇa (name of a warrior in the Mahābhārata)

विमुक्तवान् (vimuktavān) - he released, he discharged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimukta

vimukta - released, discharged, freed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root muc with upasarga vi, then suffixed with ktavatu.

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Used as a Past Active Participle in agreement with Karṇa.