महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-34

निशीथे पाण्डवं सैन्यमाभ्यां पश्य प्रमर्दितम् ।
गजाभ्यामिव मत्ताभ्यां यथा नडवनं महत् ॥३४॥

34. niśīthe pāṇḍavaṁ sainyamābhyāṁ paśya pramarditam ,
gajābhyāmiva mattābhyāṁ yathā naḍavanaṁ mahat.

34. niśīthe pāṇḍavam sainyam ābhyām paśya pramarditam
gajābhyām iva mattābhyām yathā naḍavanam mahat

34. paśya,
niśīthe ābhyām pāṇḍavam sainyam pramarditam.
yathā mattābhyām gajābhyām mahat naḍavanam (pramarditam).

34. Behold the Pāṇḍava army, crushed at midnight by these two (Droṇa and Karṇa), just as a great reed forest (naḍavana) is trampled by two maddened elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• निशीथे (niśīthe) - at midnight (at midnight, in the middle of the night)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pāṇḍava (army) (Pāṇḍava, belonging to the Pāṇḍavas)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, military force)

• आभ्याम् (ābhyām) - by these two (Droṇa and Karṇa) (by these two)

• पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold)

• प्रमर्दितम् (pramarditam) - crushed (crushed, trampled, destroyed, afflicted)

• गजाभ्याम् (gajābhyām) - by two elephants

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• मत्ताभ्याम् (mattābhyām) - by two maddened (elephants) (by two maddened/intoxicated (ones))

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

• नडवनम् (naḍavanam) - a reed forest (naḍavana) (a reed forest, a thicket of reeds)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, extensive)

Words meanings and morphology

निशीथे (niśīthe) - at midnight (at midnight, in the middle of the night)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niśītha

niśītha - midnight, the middle of the night

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pāṇḍava (army) (Pāṇḍava, belonging to the Pāṇḍavas)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu; relating to the Pāṇḍavas

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, military force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force

आभ्याम् (ābhyām) - by these two (Droṇa and Karṇa) (by these two)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, dual of idam

idam - this, he, it

Note: Refers to Droṇa and Karṇa mentioned in the previous verse.

पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Present Active Imperative

Root 'dṛś', class 1, with substitute 'paśya' in present forms.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

प्रमर्दितम् (pramarditam) - crushed (crushed, trampled, destroyed, afflicted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pramardita

pramardita - crushed, trampled, destroyed, afflicted, tormented

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mṛd' (to crush) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: mṛd (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

गजाभ्याम् (gajābhyām) - by two elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of gaja

gaja - elephant

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

मत्ताभ्याम् (mattābhyām) - by two maddened (elephants) (by two maddened/intoxicated (ones))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of matta

matta - maddened, intoxicated, frenzied, proud

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mad' (to be intoxicated, to rejoice).

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'gajābhyām'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

नडवनम् (naḍavanam) - a reed forest (naḍavana) (a reed forest, a thicket of reeds)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naḍavana

naḍavana - a reed forest, a thicket of reeds

Compound type : tatpurusha (naḍa+vana)

• naḍa – a reed, a cane
  noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, extensive)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'naḍavanam'.