महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-39

यदाभिमन्युर्निहतो धार्तराष्ट्रैर्दुरात्मभिः ।
नासीत्तत्र रणे कृष्ण सव्यसाची महारथः ॥३९॥

39. yadābhimanyurnihato dhārtarāṣṭrairdurātmabhiḥ ,
nāsīttatra raṇe kṛṣṇa savyasācī mahārathaḥ.

39. yadā abhimanyuḥ nihataḥ dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ durātmabhiḥ
na āsīt tatra raṇe kṛṣṇa savyasācī mahārathaḥ

39. kṛṣṇa yadā abhimanyuḥ durātmabhiḥ dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ
nihataḥ tatra raṇe savyasācī mahārathaḥ na āsīt

39. O Kṛṣṇa, when Abhimanyu was killed by the wicked sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Savyasācī, the great charioteer, was not present there in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - The son of Arjuna and Subhadrā, killed in the Mahābhārata war. (Abhimanyu)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

• धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Kauravas (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - Refers to the Kauravas. (by the evil-minded, by the wicked)

• न (na) - not, no

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• तत्र (tatra) - In the battle. (there, in that place)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Refers to Lord Kṛṣṇa. (O Kṛṣṇa, dark one)

• सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Arjuna, a key warrior in the Mahābhārata. (Savyasācī (one who can shoot with left hand), Arjuna)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many warriors

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - The son of Arjuna and Subhadrā, killed in the Mahābhārata war. (Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimanyu

abhimanyu - Abhimanyu (proper noun, lit. 'one who faces anger')

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root han- (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-, suffix -ta.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with Abhimanyuḥ

धार्तराष्ट्रैः (dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ) - by the Kauravas (by the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - a descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (patronymic)

Formed from Dhṛtarāṣṭra + aṇ pratyaya.

Note: Agent of nihataḥ

दुरात्मभिः (durātmabhiḥ) - Refers to the Kauravas. (by the evil-minded, by the wicked)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious, bad (person/soul)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying dhārtarāṣṭraiḥ

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: as (class 2)

तत्र (tatra) - In the battle. (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Refers to Lord Kṛṣṇa. (O Kṛṣṇa, dark one)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (proper noun), dark, black

Root: kṛṣ (class 6)

सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Arjuna, a key warrior in the Mahābhārata. (Savyasācī (one who can shoot with left hand), Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - Savyasācī (a name for Arjuna, lit. 'ambidextrous', one who can shoot with the left hand)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left
  adjective (neuter)
• sācin – shooting, throwing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  from root sac 'to attach, to follow'
  Root: sac (class 1)

Note: Subject of āsīt

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a hero who can fight alone against thousands

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, vehicle, warrior (in context of chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  from root ram- (to delight)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Appositive to savyasācī