महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-4

संजय उवाच ।
संग्रामाद्विनिवृत्तानां सर्वेषां नो विशां पते ।
रात्रौ कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ मन्त्रोऽयं समजायत ॥४॥

4. saṁjaya uvāca ,
saṁgrāmādvinivṛttānāṁ sarveṣāṁ no viśāṁ pate ,
rātrau kurukulaśreṣṭha mantro'yaṁ samajāyata.

4. sañjaya uvāca saṅgrāmāt vinivṛttānām sarveṣām naḥ viśām
pate rātrau kurukula-śreṣṭha mantraḥ ayam samajāyata

4. sañjaya uvāca viśām pate kurukula-śreṣṭha saṅgrāmāt
vinivṛttānām naḥ sarveṣām rātrau ayam mantraḥ samajāyata

4. Sañjaya said: 'O lord of men (viśām pate), O best among the Kuru family (kurukulaśreṣṭha), this plan (mantra) arose among all of us at night, after we had returned from the battle.'

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सङ्ग्रामात् (saṅgrāmāt) - from the battle

• विनिवृत्तानाम् (vinivṛttānām) - of those who had returned

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• नः (naḥ) - among us (our, of us)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord!

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

• कुरुकुल-श्रेष्ठ (kurukula-śreṣṭha) - O best of the Kuru family!

• मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - counsel, plan, sacred utterance (mantra)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine nominative singular)

• समजायत (samajāyata) - arose, came into being, was born

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and advisor)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' in perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

सङ्ग्रामात् (saṅgrāmāt) - from the battle

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: gram

विनिवृत्तानाम् (vinivṛttānām) - of those who had returned

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vinivṛtta

vinivṛtta - returned, come back, ceased

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root 'vṛt' with prefixes 'vi-' and 'ni-'

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

नः (naḥ) - among us (our, of us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Also can be dative or accusative.

विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, clan

पते (pate) - O lord!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

कुरुकुल-श्रेष्ठ (kurukula-śreṣṭha) - O best of the Kuru family!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurukula-śreṣṭha

kurukula-śreṣṭha - best of the Kuru family

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kula+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (a royal lineage or individual)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - counsel, plan, sacred utterance (mantra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - counsel, plan, sacred utterance (mantra)

Root: man (class 4)

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, it

समजायत (samajāyata) - arose, came into being, was born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of jan

Imperfect Middle

Root 'jan' with prefixes 'sam-' and 'ā-' in imperfect tense, 3rd person singular middle voice

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: jan (class 4)