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7,158

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-44

यदि शत्रुवधे न्याय्यो भवेत्कर्तुं च पाण्डवैः ।
द्रोणकर्णौ रणे पूर्वं हन्तव्याविति मे मतिः ॥४४॥
44. yadi śatruvadhe nyāyyo bhavetkartuṁ ca pāṇḍavaiḥ ,
droṇakarṇau raṇe pūrvaṁ hantavyāviti me matiḥ.
44. yadi śatruvadhe nyāyyaḥ bhavet kartuṃ ca pāṇḍavaiḥ
droṇakarṇau raṇe pūrvaṃ hantavyau iti me matiḥ
44. yadi pāṇḍavaiḥ śatruvadhe kartuṃ nyāyyaḥ bhavet
ca pūrvaṃ droṇakarṇau raṇe hantavyau iti me matiḥ
44. If it were indeed proper for the Pāṇḍavas to kill an enemy, then Droṇa and Karṇa should have been slain first in battle. This is my conviction.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • यदि (yadi) - if, in case
  • शत्रुवधे (śatruvadhe) - in the killing of an enemy, concerning the slaying of an enemy
  • न्याय्यः (nyāyyaḥ) - proper, just, rightful
  • भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be
  • कर्तुं (kartuṁ) - to do, to perform
  • (ca) - and, also
  • पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas
  • द्रोणकर्णौ (droṇakarṇau) - Droṇa and Karṇa
  • रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat
  • पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - first, previously, before
  • हन्तव्यौ (hantavyau) - should be killed, are to be slain
  • इति (iti) - thus, so
  • मे (me) - my, to me
  • मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, thought, belief

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces a conditional clause.
शत्रुवधे (śatruvadhe) - in the killing of an enemy, concerning the slaying of an enemy
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śatruvadha
śatruvadha - killing of enemies, enemy slaughter
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+vadha)
  • śatru – enemy, foe, rival
    noun (masculine)
  • vadha – killing, slaying, murder, destruction
    noun (masculine)
    Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
    Root: han (class 2)
Note: Denotes the sphere or context of the action.
न्याय्यः (nyāyyaḥ) - proper, just, rightful
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nyāyya
nyāyya - just, right, proper, lawful, equitable
Gerundive
Derived from 'nyāya' (justice, rule)
Note: Refers to the act of killing an enemy.
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū
Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular
From root bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: The implied subject is the act of killing (kartuṃ śatruvadhe).
कर्तुं (kartuṁ) - to do, to perform
(verb)
active, infinitive (tumun) of kṛ
Infinitive
From root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Expresses purpose, 'for doing' or 'to do'.
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects clauses or emphasizes.
पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava
pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu (the Pāṇḍavas)
Patronymic from Pāṇḍu
Note: Agent of the action expressed by 'kartuṃ' or 'hantavyau'.
द्रोणकर्णौ (droṇakarṇau) - Droṇa and Karṇa
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of droṇakarṇa
droṇakarṇa - Droṇa and Karṇa
Compound type : dvandva (droṇa+karṇa)
  • droṇa – Droṇa (a proper name, the teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)
    proper noun (masculine)
  • karṇa – Karṇa (a proper name, a great warrior, son of Sūrya and Kuntī)
    proper noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of the implied predicate 'hantavyau'.
रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa
raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict
Derived from root raṇ (to delight, to sound)
Root: raṇ (class 1)
Note: Denotes the location of the action.
पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - first, previously, before
(indeclinable)
Adverbial use of pūrva
Note: Modifies the action of killing.
हन्तव्यौ (hantavyau) - should be killed, are to be slain
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of hantavya
hantavya - to be killed, to be slain, fit to be killed
Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
Derived from root han (to kill) with suffix -tavya
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Refers to Droṇa and Karṇa.
इति (iti) - thus, so
(indeclinable)
मे (me) - my, to me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Enclitic form of asmad
Note: Possessive form.
मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, thought, belief
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mati
mati - thought, mind, understanding, opinion, intention, wisdom
Derived from root man (to think)
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Predicate nominative for an implied 'this is'.