महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-46

यत्र वध्यो भवेद्द्रोणः सूतपुत्रश्च सानुगः ।
तत्रावधीन्महाबाहुः सैन्धवं दूरवासिनम् ॥४६॥

46. yatra vadhyo bhaveddroṇaḥ sūtaputraśca sānugaḥ ,
tatrāvadhīnmahābāhuḥ saindhavaṁ dūravāsinam.

46. yatra vadhyaḥ bhavet droṇaḥ sūtaputraḥ ca sānugaḥ
tatra avadhīn mahābāhuḥ saindhavaṃ dūravāsinam

46. yatra droṇaḥ sūtaputraḥ ca sānugaḥ vadhyaḥ bhavet
tatra mahābāhuḥ dūravāsinam saindhavaṃ avadhīn

46. In a situation where Droṇa and the son of Sūta (Karṇa) along with his followers should have been killed, the mighty-armed one (Arjuna) instead slew Saindhava, who was far removed from them.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (case/situation)

• वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - fit to be killed, deserving death, killable

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, would be, may be

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - the son of Sūta (Karṇa) (the son of Sūta)

• च (ca) - and

• सानुगः (sānugaḥ) - with followers, accompanied by his retinue

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that (case/situation)

• अवधीन् (avadhīn) - killed, slew

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (Arjuna) (the mighty-armed one)

• सैन्धवं (saindhavaṁ) - Saindhava (Jayadratha) (Saindhava)

• दूरवासिनम् (dūravāsinam) - dwelling afar, living far away, far-removed

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (case/situation)

(indeclinable)

Locative form of relative pronoun ya

वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - fit to be killed, deserving death, killable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhya

vadhya - to be killed, fit to be killed, punishable by death

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Its subject is 'droṇaḥ' and implicitly 'sūtaputraḥ'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, would be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

From root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The subjects are 'droṇaḥ' and 'sūtaputraḥ'.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a proper name, the teacher)

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - the son of Sūta (Karṇa) (the son of Sūta)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer (Sūta), name of Karṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, a mixed caste
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Droṇa and Sūtaputra.

सानुगः (sānugaḥ) - with followers, accompanied by his retinue

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sānuga

sānuga - with followers, accompanied, attended by a retinue

From sa- (with) + anuga (follower)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+anuga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• anuga – follower, attendant, going after
  noun (masculine)
  From anu- + gam (to go)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that (case/situation)

(indeclinable)

Locative form of demonstrative pronoun ta

अवधीन् (avadhīn) - killed, slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of han

Imperfect Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

From root han. This form 'avadhīn' is a less common 3rd singular imperfect form, often also 'avadhīt'.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The 'n' is a euphonic addition, sometimes found in Vedic/epic usage for aorist/imperfect forms.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (Arjuna) (the mighty-armed one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed; epithet for heroes like Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine, feminine, neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'avadhīn'.

सैन्धवं (saindhavaṁ) - Saindhava (Jayadratha) (Saindhava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - relating to Sindhu, inhabitant of Sindhu, king of Sindhu (Jayadratha)

Patronymic or derived from Sindhu

Note: Object of 'avadhīn'.

दूरवासिनम् (dūravāsinam) - dwelling afar, living far away, far-removed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dūravāsin

dūravāsin - dwelling far off, living far away, an inhabitant of a distant land

From dūra (far) + vāsin (dwelling)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dūra+vāsin)

• dūra – far, distant, remote
  adjective (neuter)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant, living
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from root vas
  Derived from root vas (to dwell) with suffix -in
  Root: vas (class 1)