महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-13

ये च तेऽभ्यद्रवन्द्रोणं व्यूढानीकाः प्रहारिणः ।
सृञ्जयाः सह पाञ्चालैस्तेऽप्यकुर्वन्कथं रणम् ॥१३॥

13. ye ca te'bhyadravandroṇaṁ vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ ,
sṛñjayāḥ saha pāñcālaiste'pyakurvankathaṁ raṇam.

13. ye ca te abhyadravan droṇam vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ
sṛñjayāḥ saha pāñcālaiḥ te api akurvan katham raṇam

13. ca ye te sṛñjayāḥ pāñcālaiḥ saha vyūḍhānīkāḥ prahāriṇaḥ droṇam abhyadravan,
te api raṇam katham akurvan

13. And those Sṛñjayas, along with the Pāñcālas, who, with their armies arrayed, attacked Droṇa as fierce warriors—how, then, did they wage battle (raṇam)?

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, which (plural)

• च (ca) - and

• ते (te) - those (plural)

• अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - they attacked, they rushed

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

• व्यूढानीकाः (vyūḍhānīkāḥ) - having arrayed armies

• प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - fierce warriors (striking ones, assailants, warriors)

• सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Sṛñjayas (a warrior tribe/clan)

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• पाञ्चालैः (pāñcālaiḥ) - with the Pāñcālas

• ते (te) - those (plural)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - they waged (battle) (they did, they performed, they waged)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war, conflict

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, which (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

relative pronoun, masculine plural nominative

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural nominative

अभ्यद्रवन् (abhyadravan) - they attacked, they rushed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person plural, active voice; root 'dru' with upasarga 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Object of 'abhyadravan'.

व्यूढानीकाः (vyūḍhānīkāḥ) - having arrayed armies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyūḍhānīka

vyūḍhānīka - having arrayed armies, with armies drawn up

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'vyūḍha' (arrayed) + 'anīka' (army)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyūḍha+anīka)

• vyūḍha – arrayed, arranged, drawn up
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root 'ūh' (to consider, arrange) with upasarga 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)
• anīka – army, host, troop
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective describing 'sṛñjayāḥ' and 'pāñcālaiḥ' (collectively the subject).

प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - fierce warriors (striking ones, assailants, warriors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahārin

prahārin - striking, smiting; a striker, assailant, warrior

Derived from root 'hṛ' (to take) with 'pra' (to strike) and suffix '-in'

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective describing the Sṛñjayas and Pāñcālas.

सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Sṛñjayas (a warrior tribe/clan)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - Sṛñjaya (name of a people or king)

Note: Subject of 'abhyadravan' and 'akurvan'.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

पाञ्चालैः (pāñcālaiḥ) - with the Pāñcālas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - Pāñcāla (name of a country or its people)

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

ते (te) - those (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural nominative

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - they waged (battle) (they did, they performed, they waged)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person plural, active voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war, conflict

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, fight, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'akurvan'.