महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-158, verse-40

निरुद्धाश्च वयं सर्वे सैन्धवेन दुरात्मना ।
निमित्तमभवद्द्रोणः सपुत्रस्तत्र कर्मणि ॥४०॥

40. niruddhāśca vayaṁ sarve saindhavena durātmanā ,
nimittamabhavaddroṇaḥ saputrastatra karmaṇi.

40. niruddhāḥ ca vayam sarve saindhavena durātmanā
nimittam abhavat droṇaḥ saputraḥ tatra karmaṇi

40. ca vayam sarve durātmanā saindhavena niruddhāḥ
droṇaḥ saputraḥ tatra karmaṇi nimittam abhavat

40. And we all were held back by the wicked Jayadratha. Droṇa, with his son, became the instrument in that deed (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• निरुद्धाः (niruddhāḥ) - restrained, obstructed, held back

• च (ca) - and, also

• वयम् (vayam) - The Pāṇḍavas and their allies. (we)

• सर्वे (sarve) - All of "us" (the Pāṇḍavas). (all, everyone)

• सैन्धवेन (saindhavena) - Specifically refers to Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu and brother-in-law of Duryodhana. (by the king of Sindhu, by Jayadratha)

• दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - Refers to Jayadratha. (by the wicked, by the evil-minded)

• निमित्तम् (nimittam) - The means or instrument by which an action is performed. (cause, instrument, reason, mark)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - The guru (teacher) of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas, a formidable warrior. (Droṇa)

• सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - Droṇa along with his son Aśvatthāmā. (with his son, accompanied by son)

• तत्र (tatra) - In the aforementioned action/deed. (there, in that)

• कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - In the act of Abhimanyu's killing/their restraint. (in the action, in the deed (karma))

Words meanings and morphology

निरुद्धाः (niruddhāḥ) - restrained, obstructed, held back

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niruddha

niruddha - restrained, stopped, obstructed, besieged

Past Passive Participle

From root rudh- (to obstruct, hinder) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Agrees with vayam (masculine form used here for a group including men)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वयम् (vayam) - The Pāṇḍavas and their allies. (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of aham

aham - I, me

सर्वे (sarve) - All of "us" (the Pāṇḍavas). (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with vayam

सैन्धवेन (saindhavena) - Specifically refers to Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu and brother-in-law of Duryodhana. (by the king of Sindhu, by Jayadratha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu, king of Sindhu; Jayadratha

Patronymic/regional derivative from 'Sindhu'.

Note: Agent of niruddhāḥ

दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - Refers to Jayadratha. (by the wicked, by the evil-minded)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious, bad (person/soul)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying saindhavena

निमित्तम् (nimittam) - The means or instrument by which an action is performed. (cause, instrument, reason, mark)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nimitta

nimitta - cause, occasion, sign, mark, instrument

From ni + root mā 'to measure, form'.

Prefix: ni

Root: mi

Note: Predicate nominative to abhavat

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - The guru (teacher) of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas, a formidable warrior. (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper noun), a bucket, a measure of grain

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Subject of abhavat

सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - Droṇa along with his son Aśvatthāmā. (with his son, accompanied by son)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saputra

saputra - with son, having a son

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, accompanied by, having
  indeclinable
  prefix
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  from 'pun' + 'tra' (savior from hell called Put)
  Root: pu (class 10)

Note: Adjective modifying droṇaḥ

तत्र (tatra) - In the aforementioned action/deed. (there, in that)

(indeclinable)

कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - In the act of Abhimanyu's killing/their restraint. (in the action, in the deed (karma))

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)

From root kṛ- (to do) with suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)