महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-154, verse-9

तदुद्धतं शैल इवाप्रकम्प्यो वर्षं महच्छैलसमानसारः ।
विध्वंसयामास रणे नरेन्द्र वैकर्तनः शत्रुगणावमर्दी ॥९॥

9. taduddhataṁ śaila ivāprakampyo; varṣaṁ mahacchailasamānasāraḥ ,
vidhvaṁsayāmāsa raṇe narendra; vaikartanaḥ śatrugaṇāvamardī.

9. tat uddhatam śaila iva aprakampyaḥ
varṣam mahacchaila-samāna-sāraḥ
vidhvaṃsayāmāsa raṇe narendra
vaikartanaḥ śatrugaṇāvamardī

9. narendra vaikartanaḥ śatrugaṇāvamardī
śaila iva aprakampyaḥ varṣam
ca mahacchaila-samāna-sāraḥ
raṇe tat uddhatam vidhvaṃsayāmāsa

9. O King, Vaikartana (Karna), the crusher of enemy throngs, unshakeable like a mountain, a veritable downpour [of might], and whose power was equal to a great mountain, utterly destroyed that arrogant [force] in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that arrogant [force] (that, by him, that thing)

• उद्धतम् (uddhatam) - arrogant (force/army) (arrogant, haughty, elevated, high)

• शैल (śaila) - mountain, rock

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अप्रकम्प्यः (aprakampyaḥ) - unshakeable, immovable, firm

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - a downpour (of might/arrows), a shower (metaphorical for power) (rain, shower, year, might, strength)

• महच्छैल-समान-सारः (mahacchaila-samāna-sāraḥ) - whose essence/strength is like a great mountain

• विध्वंसयामास (vidhvaṁsayāmāsa) - destroyed, annihilated

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king, ruler of men

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - son of Vikartana (Karna)

• शत्रुगणावमर्दी (śatrugaṇāvamardī) - crusher of enemy hordes/throngs

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that arrogant [force] (that, by him, that thing)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उद्धतम् (uddhatam) - arrogant (force/army) (arrogant, haughty, elevated, high)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uddhata

uddhata - arrogant, haughty, high, elevated

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ud

Root: han

शैल (śaila) - mountain, rock

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अप्रकम्प्यः (aprakampyaḥ) - unshakeable, immovable, firm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aprakampya

aprakampya - unshakeable, immovable, firm

Gerundive

Derived from pra-kamp with negative prefix 'a'

Prefixes: a+pra

Root: kamp (class 1)

वर्षम् (varṣam) - a downpour (of might/arrows), a shower (metaphorical for power) (rain, shower, year, might, strength)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, shower, year, power, might, strength

Root: vṛṣ

महच्छैल-समान-सारः (mahacchaila-samāna-sāraḥ) - whose essence/strength is like a great mountain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahacchaila-samāna-sāra

mahacchaila-samāna-sāra - whose essence/strength is like a great mountain

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahacchaila+samāna+sāra)

• mahacchaila – great mountain
  noun (masculine)
• samāna – equal, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• sāra – essence, strength, might
  noun (masculine)

विध्वंसयामास (vidhvaṁsayāmāsa) - destroyed, annihilated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of vidhvaṃsayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect

Causative of dhvaṃs + Kṛ root form

Prefix: vi

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king, ruler of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - son of Vikartana (Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikartana (Karna, the warrior)

Patronymic from Vikartana

शत्रुगणावमर्दी (śatrugaṇāvamardī) - crusher of enemy hordes/throngs

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrugaṇāvamardin

śatrugaṇāvamardin - crusher of enemy hordes, destroyer of hosts of foes

Agent noun from ava-mṛd

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śatrugaṇa+avamardin)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – multitude, host, throng
  noun (masculine)
• avamardin – crushing, destroying, trampling
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root mṛd with prefix ava
  Prefix: ava
  Root: mṛd (class 9)