महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-154, verse-47

ततो हताश्वादवरुह्य वाहादन्तर्मनाः कुरुषु प्राद्रवत्सु ।
दिव्ये चास्त्रे मायया वध्यमाने नैवामुह्यच्चिन्तयन्प्राप्तकालम् ॥४७॥

47. tato hatāśvādavaruhya vāhā;dantarmanāḥ kuruṣu prādravatsu ,
divye cāstre māyayā vadhyamāne; naivāmuhyaccintayanprāptakālam.

47. tataḥ hatāśvāt avaruhya vāhāt
antarmanāḥ kuruṣu prādravatsu divye
ca astre māyayā vadhyamāne na
eva amuhyat cintayan prāptakālam

47. tataḥ hatāśvāt vāhāt avaruhya kuruṣu
prādravatsu ca divye astre māyayā
vadhyamāne (sati) antarmanāḥ saḥ
prāptakālam cintayan na eva amuhyat

47. Then, dismounting from his chariot after its horses were slain, and even as the Kurus were fleeing and his divine weapon was being countered by an illusion (māyā), he remained undisturbed, not bewildered at all, and pondered what was appropriate for that moment.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, therefore

• हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - from the one whose horses were slain

• अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, dismounted

• वाहात् (vāhāt) - from the chariot, from the conveyance

• अन्तर्मनाः (antarmanāḥ) - having an inward mind, collected, undisturbed

• कुरुषु (kuruṣu) - among the Kurus, regarding the Kurus

• प्राद्रवत्सु (prādravatsu) - when fleeing, while they were fleeing

• दिव्ये (divye) - divine

• च (ca) - and

• अस्त्रे (astre) - in the weapon

• मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā)

• वध्यमाने (vadhyamāne) - while being slain/countered

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly (emphasizer)

• अमुह्यत् (amuhyat) - he was bewildered, confused

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, pondering

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - the appropriate time, what was suitable for the moment

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, therefore

(indeclinable)

हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - from the one whose horses were slain

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - whose horses are slain, deprived of horses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – slain, killed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root han + kta
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'vāhāt'

अवरुह्य (avaruhya) - having descended, dismounted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root ruh (to ascend) with prefix ava- (down) + lyap (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Connects to the main verb 'amuhyat'

वाहात् (vāhāt) - from the chariot, from the conveyance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vāha

vāha - vehicle, chariot, steed, bearer

From root vah (to carry)

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Source from which he dismounted.

अन्तर्मनाः (antarmanāḥ) - having an inward mind, collected, undisturbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antarmanas

antarmanas - inward-minded, collected, composed, self-possessed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (antar+manas)

• antar – within, internal
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Karṇa).

कुरुषु (kuruṣu) - among the Kurus, regarding the Kurus

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a Kuru (member of the Kuru dynasty), the Kuru country

Note: In a locative absolute construction with 'prādravatsu'.

प्राद्रवत्सु (prādravatsu) - when fleeing, while they were fleeing

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of prādravat

prādravat - fleeing, running away

Present Active Participle

Root dru (to run) with prefix pra- + śatṛ (P.A.P. suffix). Here in locative plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: In a locative absolute construction with 'kuruṣu'.

दिव्ये (divye) - divine

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial

Note: Qualifies 'astre'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two locative absolute constructions.

अस्त्रे (astre) - in the weapon

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - missile, weapon

Note: In a locative absolute construction with 'vadhyamāne'.

मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, supernatural power, trickery

Note: Instrument by which the weapon was being countered.

वध्यमाने (vadhyamāne) - while being slain/countered

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being slain, being killed, being counteracted

Present Passive Participle

Root vadh (alternative to han, to strike/kill) + śānac (P.P.P. suffix in middle/passive voice). Here locative singular.

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: In a locative absolute construction with 'astre'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly (emphasizer)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'na'.

अमुह्यत् (amuhyat) - he was bewildered, confused

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of muh

Imperfect

Root muh (class 4). 3rd person singular, imperfect tense.

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, pondering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayant

cintayant - thinking, reflecting, pondering

Present Active Participle

Root cit (class 10, or derivative ciṃt) + śatṛ (P.A.P. suffix)

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Karṇa).

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - the appropriate time, what was suitable for the moment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - the right time, what is suitable for the occasion, appropriate moment

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, reached, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra- + kta
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, season, occasion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'cintayan'.