महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-154, verse-52

स वै क्रुद्धः सिंह इवात्यमर्षी नामर्षयत्प्रतिघातं रणे तम् ।
शक्तिं श्रेष्ठां वैजयन्तीमसह्यां समाददे तस्य वधं चिकीर्षन् ॥५२॥

52. sa vai kruddhaḥ siṁha ivātyamarṣī; nāmarṣayatpratighātaṁ raṇe tam ,
śaktiṁ śreṣṭhāṁ vaijayantīmasahyāṁ; samādade tasya vadhaṁ cikīrṣan.

52. saḥ vai kruddhaḥ siṃhaḥ iva atyamarṣī
na amarṣayat pratighātam raṇe
tam śaktim śreṣṭhām vaijayantīm
asahyām samādade tasya vadham cikīrṣan

52. saḥ vai kruddhaḥ atyamarṣī siṃhaḥ
iva raṇe tam pratighātam na amarṣayat
tasya vadham cikīrṣan śreṣṭhām
vaijayantīm asahyām śaktim samādade

52. He (Karna), indeed enraged and exceedingly furious like a lion, no longer tolerated his (the demon's) counter-attack in battle. Desiring to kill him, he then took up the supreme, irresistible spear (śakti) named Vaijayantī.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Karna (he, that)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

• इव (iva) - like, as

• अत्यमर्षी (atyamarṣī) - exceedingly furious, highly impatient

• न (na) - not

• अमर्षयत् (amarṣayat) - he did not tolerate (he tolerated, he endured)

• प्रतिघातम् (pratighātam) - the resistance or counter-attack from the demon (counter-attack, resistance, blow)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• तम् (tam) - the demon Ghatotkacha (him, that)

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - the divine spear given by Indra (the spear (śakti), power)

• श्रेष्ठाम् (śreṣṭhām) - best, most excellent, supreme

• वैजयन्तीम् (vaijayantīm) - the name of Karna's spear (named Vaijayantī (victorious))

• असह्याम् (asahyām) - unbearable, irresistible

• समाददे (samādade) - he took up, he grasped, he held

• तस्य (tasya) - of the demon (his, of him)

• वधम् (vadham) - the killing of the demon (killing, slaughter, destruction)

• चिकीर्षन् (cikīrṣan) - Karna, desiring to kill the demon (desiring to do, intending to kill)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Karna (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (to be angry) with past passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Karna).

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - lion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

अत्यमर्षी (atyamarṣī) - exceedingly furious, highly impatient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atyamarṣin

atyamarṣin - exceedingly impatient, very furious, highly intolerant

Compound type : pra-ādi samāsa (ati+amarṣin)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding
  indeclinable
• amarṣin – intolerant, impatient, angry
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Karna).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अमर्षयत् (amarṣayat) - he did not tolerate (he tolerated, he endured)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of mṛṣ

Imperfect Causative Third Person Singular

Root mṛṣ (to endure), causative stem marṣay, imperfect third person singular active ending.

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

प्रतिघातम् (pratighātam) - the resistance or counter-attack from the demon (counter-attack, resistance, blow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratighāta

pratighāta - counter-stroke, repulsion, resistance, blow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prati+ghāta)

• prati – against, towards, in return
  indeclinable
• ghāta – striking, killing, blow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: han (class 2)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, conflict, war

तम् (tam) - the demon Ghatotkacha (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - the divine spear given by Indra (the spear (śakti), power)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, energy; spear, dart

श्रेष्ठाम् (śreṣṭhām) - best, most excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, supreme, chief

Superlative degree of praśasya (good)

Note: Agrees with 'śaktim'.

वैजयन्तीम् (vaijayantīm) - the name of Karna's spear (named Vaijayantī (victorious))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaijayantī

vaijayantī - victorious, triumphant; name of a divine weapon

Note: Agrees with 'śaktim'.

असह्याम् (asahyām) - unbearable, irresistible

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of asahya

asahya - unbearable, intolerable, irresistible

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root sah (to bear, endure) with prefix a- (negative) and suffix -ya (gerundive).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sahya)

• a – not, non- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• sahya – bearable, endurable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śaktim'.

समाददे (samādade) - he took up, he grasped, he held

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of sam-ā-dā

Perfect Third Person Singular

Root dā (to give) with prefixes sam and ā, perfect tense third person singular middle voice form.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

तस्य (tasya) - of the demon (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वधम् (vadham) - the killing of the demon (killing, slaughter, destruction)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, slaughter, destruction

Root: vadh (class 1)

चिकीर्षन् (cikīrṣan) - Karna, desiring to kill the demon (desiring to do, intending to kill)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cikīrṣant

cikīrṣant - desiring to do, intending to perform

Desiderative Present Participle

Derived from the desiderative stem of root kṛ (to do/make) with present active participle suffix -at/-ant.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (Karna).