महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-154, verse-21

संजय उवाच ।
अन्तर्हितं राक्षसं तं विदित्वा संप्राक्रोशन्कुरवः सर्व एव ।
कथं नायं राक्षसः कूटयोधी हन्यात्कर्णं समरेऽदृश्यमानः ॥२१॥

21. saṁjaya uvāca ,
antarhitaṁ rākṣasaṁ taṁ viditvā; saṁprākrośankuravaḥ sarva eva ,
kathaṁ nāyaṁ rākṣasaḥ kūṭayodhī; hanyātkarṇaṁ samare'dṛśyamānaḥ.

21. sañjayaḥ uvāca antahitam rākṣasam
tam viditvā samprākrośan kuravaḥ sarve
eva katham na ayam rākṣasaḥ
kūṭayodhī hanyāt karṇam samare adṛśyamānaḥ

21. sañjayaḥ uvāca kuravaḥ sarve eva tam
rākṣasam antahitam viditvā samprākrośan
ayam kūṭayodhī rākṣasaḥ adṛśyamānaḥ
samare karṇam katham na hanyāt?

21. Sañjaya said: When the Kauravas realized that the demon had become invisible, all of them cried out, "How will this demon, who fights deceitfully, not kill Karṇa in battle while remaining unseen?"

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अन्तहितम् (antahitam) - hidden, disappeared, invisible

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - demon

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood, having realized

• सम्प्राक्रोशन् (samprākrośan) - cried out, shouted loudly

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, entire

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly (emphatic particle)

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• न (na) - not, no

• अयम् (ayam) - this (one)

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon

• कूटयोधी (kūṭayodhī) - deceitful fighter, one who fights treacherously

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may kill, should kill, will kill

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (proper name)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• अदृश्यमानः (adṛśyamānaḥ) - being invisible, while being unseen

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator of the Bhagavad Gītā)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अन्तहितम् (antahitam) - hidden, disappeared, invisible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antarhita

antarhita - hidden, concealed, disappeared, invisible

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā with prefix antar-

Prefix: antar

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasam'.

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - demon

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, a goblin, a fiend

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasam'.

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood, having realized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed by adding -tvā to the root 'vid'

Root: vid (class 2)

सम्प्राक्रोशन् (samprākrośan) - cried out, shouted loudly

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kruś

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: kruś (class 1)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (ancestor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas); a name of a people or country

सर्वे (sarve) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'kuravaḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasaḥ'.

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, a goblin, a fiend

कूटयोधी (kūṭayodhī) - deceitful fighter, one who fights treacherously

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kūṭayodhin

kūṭayodhin - fighting deceitfully, a treacherous warrior

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kūṭa+yodhin)

• kūṭa – deceit, fraud, deception; heap, pile; horn
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• yodhin – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from the root yudh ('to fight')
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasaḥ'.

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may kill, should kill, will kill

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a prominent warrior in the Mahābhārata); ear

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

अदृश्यमानः (adṛśyamānaḥ) - being invisible, while being unseen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adṛśyamāna

adṛśyamāna - being unseen, invisible

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root dṛś ('to see') with the negative prefix 'a-' and the present participle suffix -māna.

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasaḥ'.