महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-154, verse-32

हाहाकृतं संपरिवर्तमानं संलीयमानं च विषण्णरूपम् ।
ते त्वार्यभावात्पुरुषप्रवीराः पराङ्मुखा न बभूवुस्तदानीम् ॥३२॥

32. hāhākṛtaṁ saṁparivartamānaṁ; saṁlīyamānaṁ ca viṣaṇṇarūpam ,
te tvāryabhāvātpuruṣapravīrāḥ; parāṅmukhā na babhūvustadānīm.

32. hāhā-kṛtam samparivartamānam
saṃlīyamānam ca viṣaṇṇa-rūpam te
tu ārya-bhāvāt puruṣa-pravīrāḥ
parāṅmukhāḥ na babhūvuḥ tadānīm

32. hāhā-kṛtam samparivartamānam
saṃlīyamānam ca viṣaṇṇa-rūpam (tat balam)
te tu ārya-bhāvāt puruṣa-pravīrāḥ
tadānīm parāṅmukhāḥ na babhūvuḥ

32. The army (was seen) crying "hāhā," writhing about, shrinking back, and having a dejected appearance; but those foremost heroes, who were truly men (puruṣa), due to their noble (ārya) disposition, did not turn their backs then.

Words meanings summery:

• हाहा-कृतम् (hāhā-kṛtam) - crying 'hāhā' (an exclamation of distress), making a lamenting sound

• सम्परिवर्तमानम् (samparivartamānam) - turning all around, writhing, rolling about

• संलीयमानम् (saṁlīyamānam) - shrinking, hiding, disappearing

• च (ca) - and

• विषण्ण-रूपम् (viṣaṇṇa-rūpam) - having a dejected appearance, looking depressed

• ते (te) - they

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• आर्य-भावात् (ārya-bhāvāt) - from a noble nature/disposition

• पुरुष-प्रवीराः (puruṣa-pravīrāḥ) - foremost heroes, pre-eminent men (puruṣa)

• पराङ्मुखाः (parāṅmukhāḥ) - turning away, retreating, having one's back turned

• न (na) - not, no

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they did not become (retreating) (they became, they were)

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

हाहा-कृतम् (hāhā-kṛtam) - crying 'hāhā' (an exclamation of distress), making a lamenting sound

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hāhā-kṛta

hāhā-kṛta - making the sound 'hāhā', crying 'hāhā'

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the sound 'hāhā' + √kṛ (to do, to make)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hāhā+kṛta)

• hāhā – an exclamation of distress, sorrow or wonder
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'balam' (army) from the previous verse.

सम्परिवर्तमानम् (samparivartamānam) - turning all around, writhing, rolling about

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samparivartamāna

samparivartamāna - turning completely around, writhing, rolling

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √vṛt (class 1, 'to turn') with prefixes sam-pari

Prefixes: sam+pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'balam'.

संलीयमानम् (saṁlīyamānam) - shrinking, hiding, disappearing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃlīyamāna

saṁlīyamāna - shrinking, hiding, disappearing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √lī (class 4, 'to cling, to dissolve') with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'balam'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विषण्ण-रूपम् (viṣaṇṇa-rūpam) - having a dejected appearance, looking depressed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣaṇṇa-rūpa

viṣaṇṇa-rūpa - having a dejected form or appearance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viṣaṇṇa+rūpa)

• viṣaṇṇa – dejected, depressed, sad
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √sad (to sink, despond) with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 1)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'balam'.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'puruṣa-pravīrāḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

आर्य-भावात् (ārya-bhāvāt) - from a noble nature/disposition

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ārya-bhāva

ārya-bhāva - noble disposition, Aryan nature

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārya+bhāva)

• ārya – noble, honorable, respectable
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāva – state of being, disposition, nature, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Indicates cause or reason: 'due to their noble nature'.

पुरुष-प्रवीराः (puruṣa-pravīrāḥ) - foremost heroes, pre-eminent men (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa-pravīra

puruṣa-pravīra - foremost among men, excellent hero

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+pravīra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male; the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• pravīra – hero, chief, excellent warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra

पराङ्मुखाः (parāṅmukhāḥ) - turning away, retreating, having one's back turned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face averted, turning away, retreating

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (para+añc+mukha)

• para – other, distant, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• añc – to bend, to curve, to go (often used as a directional component in compounds)
  verb
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'puruṣa-pravīrāḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they did not become (retreating) (they became, they were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect tense form of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)