महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-154, verse-30

शराहतानां पततां हयानां वज्राहतानां पततां गजानाम् ।
शिलाहतानां च महारथानां महान्निनादः पततां बभूव ॥३०॥

30. śarāhatānāṁ patatāṁ hayānāṁ; vajrāhatānāṁ patatāṁ gajānām ,
śilāhatānāṁ ca mahārathānāṁ; mahānninādaḥ patatāṁ babhūva.

30. śara-āhatānām patatām hayānām
vajra-āhatānām patatām gajānām
śilā-āhatānām ca mahā-rathānām
mahān ninādaḥ patatām babhūva

30. śara-āhatānām patatām hayānām
vajra-āhatānām patatām gajānām
śilā-āhatānām ca patatām
mahā-rathānām mahān ninādaḥ babhūva

30. A mighty roar arose from the falling horses, struck by arrows, from the falling elephants, struck as if by thunderbolts, and from the falling great chariots, struck by stones.

Words meanings summery:

• शर-आहतानाम् (śara-āhatānām) - of those struck by arrows

• पतताम् (patatām) - of falling

• हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

• वज्र-आहतानाम् (vajra-āhatānām) - of those struck by thunderbolts

• पतताम् (patatām) - of falling

• गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants

• शिला-आहतानाम् (śilā-āhatānām) - of those struck by stones

• च (ca) - and

• महा-रथानाम् (mahā-rathānām) - of great chariots, of great warriors

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, vast

• निनादः (ninādaḥ) - sound, roar, cry

• पतताम् (patatām) - of falling

• बभूव (babhūva) - it was, it became, it arose

Words meanings and morphology

शर-आहतानाम् (śara-āhatānām) - of those struck by arrows

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śara-āhata

śara-āhata - struck by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+āhata)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āhata – struck, hit, smitten
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'hayānām'.

पतताम् (patatām) - of falling

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying, dropping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √pat (class 1, 'to fall')

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'hayānām'.

हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

वज्र-आहतानाम् (vajra-āhatānām) - of those struck by thunderbolts

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vajra-āhata

vajra-āhata - struck by thunderbolts

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vajra+āhata)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (neuter)
• āhata – struck, hit, smitten
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'gajānām'.

पतताम् (patatām) - of falling

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying, dropping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √pat (class 1, 'to fall')

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'gajānām'.

गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

शिला-आहतानाम् (śilā-āhatānām) - of those struck by stones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śilā-āhata

śilā-āhata - struck by stones

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śilā+āhata)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• āhata – struck, hit, smitten
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'mahā-rathānām'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महा-रथानाम् (mahā-rathānām) - of great chariots, of great warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahā-ratha

mahā-ratha - great chariot; a great warrior; a commander of ten thousand chariots

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot; a warrior fighting from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, vast

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'ninādaḥ'.

निनादः (ninādaḥ) - sound, roar, cry

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nināda

nināda - sound, noise, roar, cry

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

पतताम् (patatām) - of falling

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying, dropping

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √pat (class 1, 'to fall')

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'hayānām', 'gajānām', and 'mahā-rathānām', implying the falling action for all.

बभूव (babhūva) - it was, it became, it arose

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect tense form of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)