महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-45, verse-8

जाम्बूनदविचित्रेण कर्णिकारेण केतुना ।
अभ्यवर्षत भीष्मं च तांश्चैव रथसत्तमान् ॥८॥

8. jāmbūnadavicitreṇa karṇikāreṇa ketunā ,
abhyavarṣata bhīṣmaṁ ca tāṁścaiva rathasattamān.

8. jāmbūnadavicitreṇa karṇikāreṇa ketunā
abhyavarṣata bhīṣmam ca tān ca eva rathasattamān

8. jāmbūnadavicitreṇa karṇikāreṇa ketunā bhīṣmam
ca tān ca eva rathasattamān abhyavarṣata

8. With his standard (ketunā), which was beautifully variegated (vicitreṇa) with Jambunada gold (jāmbūnada) and bore the emblem of a Karnikara tree (karṇikāreṇa), he showered (arrows/attacks upon) Bhishma and also upon those excellent chariot warriors (rathasattamān).

Words meanings summery:

• जाम्बूनदविचित्रेण (jāmbūnadavicitreṇa) - adorned with gold from the Jambunada river (variegated with Jambunada gold)

• कर्णिकारेण (karṇikāreṇa) - bearing a Karnikara tree (as an emblem) (with a Karnikara tree/flower)

• केतुना (ketunā) - with his standard/emblem (with a banner, by means of a standard, with an emblem)

• अभ्यवर्षत (abhyavarṣata) - he showered arrows/attacks upon (he showered upon, he rained down upon)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• च (ca) - and, also

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• च (ca) - also (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also, even (indeed, just, only, even)

• रथसत्तमान् (rathasattamān) - the best of chariot warriors, excellent chariot warriors

Words meanings and morphology

जाम्बूनदविचित्रेण (jāmbūnadavicitreṇa) - adorned with gold from the Jambunada river (variegated with Jambunada gold)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jāmbūnadavicitra

jāmbūnadavicitra - variegated with Jambunada gold, adorned with gold from the Jambu river

Compound type : tatpurusha (jāmbūnada+vicitra)

• jāmbūnada – gold from the Jambunada river
  noun (neuter)
• vicitra – variegated, diverse, wonderful, adorned
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Prefix: vi

Note: Qualifies `ketunā`.

कर्णिकारेण (karṇikāreṇa) - bearing a Karnikara tree (as an emblem) (with a Karnikara tree/flower)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇikāra

karṇikāra - the Karnikara tree (Pterospermum acerifolium), a kind of flower/tree

Note: Used as an adjective or an apposition to `ketunā`, indicating the emblem.

केतुना (ketunā) - with his standard/emblem (with a banner, by means of a standard, with an emblem)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ketu

ketu - banner, standard, flag, emblem, sign, mark

From √kit (to perceive, to mark).

Root: kit

Note: Instrumental, indicates the means or defining characteristic of the agent.

अभ्यवर्षत (abhyavarṣata) - he showered arrows/attacks upon (he showered upon, he rained down upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of vṛṣ

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root √vṛṣ (वृष्) (I class) with prefix abhi-. The `a` augment indicates imperfect tense.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: The subject is Abhimanyu (implied). Takes accusative objects `bhīṣmam` and `rathasattamān`.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: Object of `abhyavarṣata`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of `abhyavarṣata`.

च (ca) - also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Used to connect two elements, often appearing after each element in a pair (X ca Y ca = X and Y).

Note: Connects `tān` with `rathasattamān`.

एव (eva) - also, even (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

Used to emphasize the preceding word or phrase.

रथसत्तमान् (rathasattamān) - the best of chariot warriors, excellent chariot warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathasattama

rathasattama - best of chariot warriors, excellent charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+sattama)

• ratha – chariot, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good, existent, excellent).

Note: Object of `abhyavarṣata`.